#--------------- code begin --------------
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import gc
import sys

class CGcLeak(object):
  def __init__(self):
    self._text = '#'*10

  def __del__(self):
    pass

def make_circle_ref():
  _gcleak = CGcLeak()
#  _gcleak._self = _gcleak # test_code_1
  print '_gcleak ref count0:%d' % sys.getrefcount(_gcleak)
  del _gcleak
  try:
    print '_gcleak ref count1:%d' % sys.getrefcount(_gcleak)
  except UnboundLocalError:
    print '_gcleak is invalid!'

def test_gcleak():
  # Enable automatic garbage collection.
  gc.enable()
  # Set the garbage collection debugging flags.
  gc.set_debug(gc.DEBUG_COLLECTABLE | gc.DEBUG_UNCOLLECTABLE | /
    gc.DEBUG_INSTANCES | gc.DEBUG_OBJECTS)

  print 'begin leak test...'
  make_circle_ref()

  print 'begin collect...'
  _unreachable = gc.collect()
  print 'unreachable object num:%d' % _unreachable
  print 'garbage object num:%d' % len(gc.garbage)

if __name__ == '__main__':
  test_gcleak()

#-----------------------------------------
begin leak test...
# 变量 _gcleak 的引用计数为 2.
_gcleak ref count0:2
# _gcleak 变为不可达(unreachable)的非法变量.
_gcleak is invalid!
# 开始垃圾回收
begin collect...
# 本次垃圾回收发现的不可达的垃圾对象数为 0.
unreachable object num:0
# 整个解释器中的垃圾对象数为 0.
garbage object num:0
#-----------------------------------------

_gcleak._self = _gcleak

#-----------------------------------------
begin leak test...
_gcleak ref count0:3
_gcleak is invalid!
begin collect...
# 发现可以回收的垃圾对象: 地址为 012AA090，类型为 CGcLeak.
gc: uncollectable <CGcLeak 012AA090>
gc: uncollectable <dict 012AC1E0>
unreachable object num:2
#!! 不能回收的垃圾对象数为 1，导致内存泄漏！
garbage object num:1
#-----------------------------------------

{'_self': <__main__.CGcLeak object at 0x012AA090>, '_text': '##########'}

#--------------- code begin --------------

class CGcLeakA(object):
  def __init__(self):
    self._text = '#'*10

  def __del__(self):
    pass

class CGcLeakB(object):
  def __init__(self):
    self._text = '*'*10

  def __del__(self):
    pass

def make_circle_ref():
  _a = CGcLeakA()
  _b = CGcLeakB()
  _a._b = _b # test_code_2
  _b._a = _a # test_code_3
  print 'ref count0:a=%d b=%d' % /
    (sys.getrefcount(_a), sys.getrefcount(_b))
#  _b._a = None  # test_code_4
  del _a
  del _b
  try:
    print 'ref count1:a=%d' % sys.getrefcount(_a)
  except UnboundLocalError:
    print '_a is invalid!'
  try:
    print 'ref count2:b=%d' % sys.getrefcount(_b)
  except UnboundLocalError:
    print '_b is invalid!'

#--------------- code end ----------------

#-----------------------------------------
begin leak test...
ref count0:a=3 b=3
_a is invalid!
_b is invalid!
begin collect...
gc: uncollectable <CGcLeakA 012AA110>
gc: uncollectable <CGcLeakB 012AA0B0>
gc: uncollectable <dict 012AC1E0>
gc: uncollectable <dict 012AC0C0>
unreachable object num:4
garbage object num:2
#-----------------------------------------

#-----------------------------------------
begin leak test...
ref count0:a=2 b=3 # 注：此处输出结果视情况变化.
_a is invalid!
_b is invalid!
begin collect...
unreachable object num:0
garbage object num:0
#-----------------------------------------