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CentOS6.5 上部署 MySQL5.7.17 二进制安装以及多实例配置

时间：2021-09-19 04:49 编辑：来源：阅读：
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摘要：CentOS6.5 上部署 MySQL5.7.17 二进制安装以及多实例配置

1、建用户、下载、解压

groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
tar xvf mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ 
ln -sv /usr/local/mysql-5.7.17-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

2、输出环境变量、帮助

/etc/profile
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
source /etc/profile
vim /etc/man.config
MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man

3、创建数据目录、授权、初始化mysql mysql5.7.7及以上做了很多改变，5.7.7以前安装方法和以前差不多，初始化也保留了mysql_install_db，5.7.7以后则去掉了该脚本，使用了-initialize 或者 --initialize-insecure 参数作为初始化。 mysql5.7.14版本初始化时候已经抛弃了defaults-file参数文件，所以在初始化时候指定配置文件会出错，同时必须保证datadir为空。

mkdir /data/mysql
chown mysql.mysql /data/mysql
[root@leo mysql]# mysqld --verbose --help |more 查看更多初始化参数
[root@leo mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql
2016-12-21T09:37:13.532770Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2016-12-21T09:37:16.364569Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2016-12-21T09:37:16.881727Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2016-12-21T09:37:17.115686Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 0fbca93f-c761-11e6-9409-000c299a8601.
2016-12-21T09:37:17.220886Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2016-12-21T09:37:17.284087Z 1 [Warning] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option.

初始化成功了。这里说明下，初始化参数我使用了--initialize-insecure，这样不会设置初始化root密码，如果是 --initialize的话，会随机生成一个密码： [b]4、设置加密连接[/b]

[root@leo mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup 
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
..........................................................+++
.......+++
writing new private key to 'ca-key.pem'
-----
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
...........+++
...........................................+++
writing new private key to 'server-key.pem'
-----
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
............................................+++
.............................................................+++
writing new private key to 'client-key.pem'
-----

[b]5、复制配置文件和启动脚本[/b]

[root@leo mysql]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@leo mysql]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

[b]6、配置如下[/b]

[root@leo mysql]# cat /etc/my.cnf 
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
[mysqld]
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
port=3306
server_id=1
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
character_set_server=utf8
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M 
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES 
[client]
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock

[b]7、启动、并查看日志[/b]

[root@leo ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/data/mysql/leo.err'.
.                             [确定]
[root@leo ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL..                   [确定]
Starting MySQL..                      [确定]
[root@leo ~]# tail -f /data/mysql/leo.err 
2016-12-21T09:42:48.493804Z 0 [Note]  - '::' resolves to '::';
2016-12-21T09:42:48.493834Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.
2016-12-21T09:42:48.493990Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Loading buffer pool(s) from /data/mysql/ib_buffer_pool
2016-12-21T09:42:48.496446Z 0 [Note] InnoDB: Buffer pool(s) load completed at 161221 17:42:48
2016-12-21T09:42:48.512719Z 0 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events
2016-12-21T09:42:48.512907Z 0 [Note] Executing 'SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES;' to get a list of tables using the deprecated partition engine. You may use the startup option '--disable-partition-engine-check' to skip this check. 
2016-12-21T09:42:48.512922Z 0 [Note] Beginning of list of non-natively partitioned tables
2016-12-21T09:42:48.529189Z 0 [Note] End of list of non-natively partitioned tables
2016-12-21T09:42:48.529703Z 0 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: ready for connections.
Version: '5.7.17' socket: '/data/mysql/mysql.sock' port: 3306 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

[b]8、登录测试[/b]

[root@leo mysql]# mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema |
| sys        |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> 
[root@leo mysql]# ps -ef |grep mysql
root   49305   1 0 17:54 pts/0  00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/leo.pid
mysql   49501 49305 0 17:54 pts/0  00:00:01 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/data/mysql/leo.err --pid-file=/data/mysql/leo.pid --socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock --port=3306
root   49598 46306 0 18:14 pts/0  00:00:00 grep mysql

[b]多实例配置部分[/b] [b]1、复制多实例启动脚本[/b]

[root@leo ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi

[b]2、初始化数据库目录并修改多实例配置文件[/b]

mkdir /data/mysql2
mkdir /data/mysql3
chown mysql.mysql /data/mysql2
chown mysql.mysql /data/mysql3
[root@leo ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql2
2016-12-21T16:36:00.886650Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2016-12-21T16:36:06.481686Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2016-12-21T16:36:07.145444Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2016-12-21T16:36:07.443823Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 92945fc8-c79b-11e6-88a5-000c299a8601.
2016-12-21T16:36:07.453113Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2016-12-21T16:36:07.456819Z 1 [Warning] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option.
[root@leo ~]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql3
2016-12-21T16:36:16.094948Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2016-12-21T16:36:21.224144Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2016-12-21T16:36:21.900500Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2016-12-21T16:36:22.095535Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 9b500f71-c79b-11e6-8af0-000c299a8601.
2016-12-21T16:36:22.105950Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2016-12-21T16:36:22.112685Z 1 [Warning] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option.
[root@leo ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf
# For advice on how to change settings please see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
# *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
# *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
# *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
[mysqld_multi]
mysqld=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
log=/data/mysql_multi.log
user = root
password = redhat
# Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
# cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
# innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
# Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
# changes to the binary log between backups.
# log_bin
# These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
[mysqld1]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql
port=3306
server_id=1
socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
character_set_server=utf8
pid-file=/data/mysql/mysql.pid
[mysqld2]
datadir=/data/mysql2
port=3307
socket=/data/mysql2/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
character_set_server=utf8
pid-file=/data/mysql2/mysql2.pid
[mysqld3]
datadir=/data/mysql3
port=3308
socket=/data/mysql3/mysql.sock
symbolic-links=0
character_set_server=utf8
pid-file=/data/mysql3/mysql3.pid
# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
# join_buffer_size = 128M
# sort_buffer_size = 2M
# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M 
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES 
#[client]
#socket=/data/mysql/mysql.sock

[b]3、启动多实例测试并查看日志[/b]

[root@leo ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi start
[root@leo ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi report
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is running
MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is running
MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is running
[root@leo ~]# netstat -antlp |grep :330*   
tcp    0   0 :::3307           :::*            LISTEN   55762/mysqld    
tcp    0   0 :::3308           :::*            LISTEN   55765/mysqld    
tcp    0   0 :::3306           :::*            LISTEN   55764/mysqld

[b]4、连接测试[/b]

[root@leo ~]# mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -P3308 -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema |
| sys        |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant shutdown on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'redhat'; #授权
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.08 sec)
mysql>flush provileges;
update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('redhat') where user='root' and Host = 'localhost';#设置mysql登录密码
[root@leo ~]# mysqladmin -uroot -p -S /data/mysql3/mysql.sock shutdown #关闭实例
Enter password:

[b]5、附带脚本多实例管理脚本[/b] stop关闭MySQL实例，注意此处是需要一个具有shutdown权限的用户，且密码并被是加密的，也不可以交互式输入密码，Linux又具有history功能，所以为了数据库的安全，还是不要用mysqld_multi stop的方式关闭数据库了吧

[root@leo ~]# cat /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi
#!/bin/sh
#
# A simple startup script for mysqld_multi by Tim Smith and Jani Tolonen.
# This script assumes that my.cnf file exists either in /etc/my.cnf or
# /root/.my.cnf and has groups [mysqld_multi] and [mysqldN]. See the
# mysqld_multi documentation for detailed instructions.
#
# This script can be used as /etc/init.d/mysql.server
#
# Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux
# chkconfig: 2345 64 36
# description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine.
#
# Version 1.0
#
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
conf=/etc/my.cnf
if test -x $bindir/mysqld_multi
then
 mysqld_multi="$bindir/mysqld_multi";
else
 echo "Can't execute $bindir/mysqld_multi from dir $basedir";
 exit;
fi
case "$1" in
  'start' )
    "$mysqld_multi" --defaults-extra-file=$conf start $2
    ;;
  'stop' )
    "$mysqld_multi" --defaults-extra-file=$conf stop $2 --user=root --password=redhat
    ;;
  'report' )
    "$mysqld_multi" --defaults-extra-file=$conf report $2
    ;;
  'restart' )
    "$mysqld_multi" --defaults-extra-file=$conf stop $2 --user=root --password=redhat
    "$mysqld_multi" --defaults-extra-file=$conf start $2
    ;;
  *)
    echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|report|restart}" >&2
    ;;
esac

[b]6、多实例测试启停[/b]

[root@leo ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi stop
[root@leo ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi report
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running
MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running
[root@leo ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi start
[root@leo ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi report
Reporting MySQL servers
MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is running
MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is running
MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is running
[root@leo ~]# netstat -antlp |grep :330* #查看监听端口
tcp    0   0 :::3307           :::*            LISTEN   74667/mysqld    
tcp    0   0 :::3308           :::*            LISTEN   74666/mysqld    
tcp    0   0 :::3306           :::*            LISTEN   74665/mysqld    
[root@leo ~]# mysql -uroot -predhat -P3307 -h127.0.0.1 #登录3307 测试
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.17 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database      |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql       |
| performance_schema |
| sys        |
| t1         |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.13 sec)
mysql> 
[root@leo ~]# tail -f /data/mysql3/leo.err  #查看日志
2016-12-21T21:47:56.114139Z 0 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '*'; port: 3308
2016-12-21T21:47:56.145404Z 0 [Note] IPv6 is available.
2016-12-21T21:47:56.169487Z 0 [Note]  - '::' resolves to '::';
2016-12-21T21:47:56.171033Z 0 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '::'.
2016-12-21T21:47:57.157171Z 0 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events
2016-12-21T21:47:57.157710Z 0 [Note] Executing 'SELECT * FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES;' to get a list of tables using the deprecated partition engine. You may use the startup option '--disable-partition-engine-check' to skip this check. 
2016-12-21T21:47:57.157729Z 0 [Note] Beginning of list of non-natively partitioned tables
2016-12-21T21:47:58.138317Z 0 [Note] End of list of non-natively partitioned tables
2016-12-21T21:47:58.138474Z 0 [Note] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: ready for connections.
Version: '5.7.17' socket: '/data/mysql3/mysql.sock' port: 3308 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

mysqld_multi启动会查找my.cnf文件中的[mysqldN]组，N为mysqld_multi后携带的整数值。 mysqld_multi的固定选项可在配置文件my.cnf中进行配置，在[mysqld_multi]组下配置（如果没有该组，可自行建立）。 mysqld_multi使用方式如下： mysqld_multi [options] {start|stop|reload|report} [GNR[,GNR] ...] 以上所述是小编给大家介绍的CentOS6.5 上部署 MySQL5.7.17 二进制安装以及多实例配置，希望对大家有所帮助，如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言，小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对编程素材网网站的支持！

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