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解析Runtime中shutdown hook的使用详解

  • 时间:2020-01-01 03:55 编辑: 来源: 阅读:
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摘要:解析Runtime中shutdown hook的使用详解
根据 Java API, 所谓 shutdown hook 就是已经初始化但尚未开始执行的线程对象。在Runtime 注册后,如果 jvm 要停止前,这些 shutdown hook 便开始执行。声明:Runtime.addShutdownHook(Thread t) 举例如下:
[u]复制代码[/u] 代码如下:
[b]package john2; [/b]  /**  * test shutdown hook  * All rights released and correctness not guaranteed.  */ public class ShutdownHook implements Runnable {     public ShutdownHook() {         // register a shutdown hook for this class.         // a shutdown hook is an initialzed but not started thread, which will get up and run         // when the JVM is about to exit. this is used for short clean up tasks.         Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread(this));         System.out.println(">>> shutdown hook registered");     }     // this method will be executed of course, since it's a Runnable.     // tasks should not be light and short, accessing database is alright though.     public void run() {         System.out.println("/n>>> About to execute: " + ShutdownHook.class.getName() + ".run() to clean up before JVM exits.");         this.cleanUp();         System.out.println(">>> Finished execution: " + ShutdownHook.class.getName() + ".run()");     }         // (-: a very simple task to execute     private void cleanUp() {         for(int i=0; i < 7; i++) {             System.out.println(i);         }     }     /**      * there're couple of cases that JVM will exit, according to the Java api doc.      * typically:      * 1. method called: System.exit(int)      * 2. ctrl-C pressed on the console.      * 3. the last non-daemon thread exits.      * 4. user logoff or system shutdown.      * @param args      */     public static void main(String[] args) {         new ShutdownHook();         System.out.println(">>> Sleeping for 5 seconds, try ctrl-C now if you like.");         try {             Thread.sleep(5000);     // (-: give u the time to try ctrl-C         } catch (InterruptedException ie) {             ie.printStackTrace();         }         System.out.println(">>> Slept for 10 seconds and the main thread exited.");     } }
也许有人会担心性能问题,shutdown hook会不会占用太多的VM的资源,答案是shutdown hook不会占用VM太多的资源,因为shutdown hook 只是一个已初始化但尚未启动的线程。这意味着它只在程序关闭的时候才会启动,而不是在程序一开始运行时就启动。而在大多数的Java平台中,如果一个线程没有启动(即没有调用线程的start()函数)VM不会分配资源给线程。因此维护一群没有启动的线程不会给VM带来太大的负担. [b]最后还要注意以下两点: [/b]如果VM crash,那么不能保证关闭挂钩(shutdown hooks)能运行.试想一下如果Windows XP突然蓝屏了那么本来计划在关机之前的更新也就无法进行了. 如果调用Runtime.halt()方法来结束程序的话,那么关闭挂钩(shutdown hooks)也不会执行
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