c = {}

def foo():
 f = dict(zip(list("abcd"), [1, 2 ,3 ,4]))
 c.update(f)

if __name__ == "__main__":
 a = b = d = c

 b['e'] = 5
 d['f'] = 6

 foo()

 print(a)
 print(b)
 print(c)
 print(d)

{'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2, 'e': 5, 'd': 4, 'f': 6}
{'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2, 'e': 5, 'd': 4, 'f': 6}
{'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2, 'e': 5, 'd': 4, 'f': 6}
{'a': 1, 'c': 3, 'b': 2, 'e': 5, 'd': 4, 'f': 6}

{}
{'e': 5}
{}
{'f': 6}

>>>a = {1:1, 2:2}
>>>b = a
>>>a[3] = 3
>>>b
{1: 1, 2: 2, 3: 3}
>>>a = 4
>>>b
{1: 1, 2: 2, 3: 3}
>>>a
4

class TestObj(object):
 pass

x = TestObj()
x.x = 8
d = {"a": 1, "b": 2, "g": x}
xx = d.get("g", None)
xx.x = 10
print("x.x:%s" % x.x)
print("xx.x: %s" % xx.x)
print("d['g'].x: %s" % d['g'].x)

# Out:
# x.x:10
# xx.x: 10
# d['g'].x: 10

class TestObj(object):
 pass

x = TestObj()
x.x = 8
d = {"a": 1, "b": 2, "g": x}
print(d['g'].x)
xx = d["g"]
xx.x = 10
print(d['g'].x)
xx = 20
print(d['g'].x)

# Out:
# 8
# 10
# 10

class Context(object):
 pass


def foo(context):
 context.a = 10
 context.b = 20
 x = 1

def hoo(context):
 context.c = 30
 context.d = 40
 x = 1

if __name__ == "__main__":
 context = Context()
 x = None
 foo(context)
 hoo(context)
 print(x)
 print(context.a)
 print(context.b)
 print(context.c)
 print(context.d)

# Out：
# None
# 10
# 20
# 30
# 40

from __future__ import print_function

def initialize(context):
 g.a = 333
 g.b = 666
 context.x = 888

def handle_data(context, data):
 g.c = g.a + g.b + context.x + context.y
 a = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
 print("outer space: a is %s" % a)
 print("outer space: context is %s" % context)

from __future__ import print_function

import sys
import imp
from pprint import pprint

class Context(object):
 pass

class PersistentState(object):
 pass


# Script starts from here

if __name__ == "__main__":
 outer_code_moudle = imp.new_module('outer_code')
 outer_code_moudle.__file__ = 'outer_code.py'
 sys.modules["outer_code"] = outer_code_moudle
 outer_code_scope = code_scope = outer_code_moudle.__dict__

 head_code = "import numpy as npnfrom main_exec import PersistentStateng=PersistentState()"
 exec(head_code, code_scope)
 origin_global_names = set(code_scope.keys())

 with open("outer_code.py", "rb") as f:
 outer_code = f.read()

 import __future__
 code_obj = compile(outer_code, "outer_code.py", "exec", flags=__future__.unicode_literals.compiler_flag)
 exec(code_obj, code_scope)
 # 去除掉内建名字空间的属性，仅保留外部代码中添加的属性
 outer_code_global_names = set(outer_code_scope.keys()) - origin_global_names

 outer_func_initialize = code_scope.get("initialize", None)
 outer_func_handle_data = code_scope.get("handle_data", None)

 context = Context()
 context.y = 999
 outer_func_initialize(context)
 outer_func_handle_data(context, None)

 g = outer_code_scope["g"]
 assert g.c == 2886
 print("g.c: %s" % g.c)
 print(dir(g))
 print(dir(context))
 pprint(outer_code_moudle.__dict__)