public static void main(String[] args) {
    Integer a = 128,b=128; 
    Integer c = 127,d=127;
       
    System.out.println(a==b); 
    System.out.println(c==d);
}

 /**
   * Cache to support the object identity semantics of autoboxing for values between
   * -128 and 127 (inclusive) as required by JLS.
   *
   * The cache is initialized on first usage. The size of the cache
   * may be controlled by the -XX:AutoBoxCacheMax=<size> option.
   * During VM initialization, java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high property
   * may be set and saved in the private system properties in the
   * sun.misc.VM class.
   */

  private static class IntegerCache {
    static final int low = -128;
    static final int high;
    static final Integer cache[];

    static {
      // high value may be configured by property
      int h = 127;
      String integerCacheHighPropValue =
        sun.misc.VM.getSavedProperty("java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high");
      if (integerCacheHighPropValue != null) {
        int i = parseInt(integerCacheHighPropValue);
        i = Math.max(i, 127);
        // Maximum array size is Integer.MAX_VALUE
        h = Math.min(i, Integer.MAX_VALUE - (-low) -1);
      }
      high = h;

      cache = new Integer[(high - low) + 1];
      int j = low;
      for(int k = 0; k < cache.length; k++)
        cache[k] = new Integer(j++);
    }

    private IntegerCache() {}
  }

 public static Integer valueOf(int i) {
    assert IntegerCache.high >= 127;
    if (i >= IntegerCache.low && i <= IntegerCache.high)
      return IntegerCache.cache[i + (-IntegerCache.low)];
    return new Integer(i);
}

public static void main(String[] args) {
    String s1 = "abc"; 
    String s2 = "abc"; 
    String s3 = new String("abc"); 
    System.out.println(s1 == s2); 
    System.out.println(s1 == s3);
  }

public static void main(String[] args) {
    Integer a = new Integer(128); 
    int b = 128; 
    Integer c = new Integer(6); 
    Integer d = new Integer(6); 
    System.out.println(a == b); 
    System.out.println(c == d); 
  }