improt numpy as np #其中np为numpy的别名，是一种习惯用法 

>>> print np.array([1,2,3,4]) 
[1 2 3 4] 
>>> print np.array((1.2,2,3,4)) 
[ 1.2 2. 3. 4. ] 

>>> x = np.array(((1,2,3),(4,5,6))) 
>>> x 
array([[1, 2, 3], 
 [4, 5, 6]]) 
>>> y = np.array([[1,2,3],[4,5,6]]) 
>>> y 
array([[1, 2, 3], 
 [4, 5, 6]]) 

>>> print np.arange(15) 
[ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14] 
>>> print type(np.arange(15)) 
<type 'numpy.ndarray'> 

>>> print np.zeros((3,4)) 
[[ 0. 0. 0. 0.] 
 [ 0. 0. 0. 0.] 
 [ 0. 0. 0. 0.]] 

>>> print np.ones((3,4)) 
[[ 1. 1. 1. 1.] 
 [1. 1. 1. 1.] 
 [ 1. 1. 1. 1.]] 

>>> print np.eye(3) 
[[ 1. 0. 0.] 
 [0. 1. 0.] 
 [ 0. 0. 1.]] 

>>> x = np.array(((1,2,3),(4,5,6))) 
>>> x[1,2] #获取第二行第三列的数 
6 

>>> y=x[:,1] #获取第二列 
>>> y 
array([2, 5]) 

>>> a = np.zeros((2,2,2)) 
>>> print a.ndim #数组的维数 
3 
>>> print a.shape #数组每一维的大小 
(2, 2, 2) 
>>> print a.size #数组的元素数 
8 
>>> print a.dtype #元素类型 
float64 
>>> print a.itemsize #每个元素所占的字节数 
8 

>>> x 
array([[1, 2, 3], 
  [4, 5, 6]]) 
>>> x.flatten() 
array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]) 

>>> print np.arange(15).reshape(3,5) #改变形状，将一维的改成三行五列 
[[ 0 1 2 3 4] 
 [ 5 6 7 8 9] 
 [10 11 12 13 14]] 

>>> x 
array([[1, 2, 3], 
  [4, 5, 6]]) 
>>> x.transpose() 
array([[1, 4], 
  [2, 5], 
  [3, 6]]) 

>>> y=x 
>>> numpy.hstack((x,y)) 
array([[1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3], 
  [4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 6]] 

>>> numpy.vstack((x,y)) 
array([[1, 2, 3], 
  [4, 5, 6], 
  [1, 2, 3], 
  [4, 5, 6]]) 

>>> numpy.concatenate((x,y)) 
array([[1, 2, 3], 
  [4, 5, 6], 
  [1, 2, 3], 
  [4, 5, 6]]) 
>>> numpy.concatenate((x,y),axis=1) 
array([[1, 2, 3, 1, 2, 3], 
  [4, 5, 6, 4, 5, 6]]) 

>>> z 
array([[1, 2, 3], 
  [4, 5, 6], 
  [1, 2, 3], 
  [4, 5, 6]]) 
>>> numpy.vsplit(z,2) #注意这里设置的分割数目必须可以被行数整除 
[array([[1, 2, 3], 
  [4, 5, 6]]), array([[1, 2, 3], 
  [4, 5, 6]])] 

>>> numpy.hsplit(z,3) 
[array([[1], 
  [4], 
  [1], 
  [4]]), array([[2], 
  [5], 
  [2], 
  [5]]), array([[3], 
  [6], 
  [3], 
  [6]])] 

>>> numpy.mat('1 2 3;4 5 6;7 8 9') 
matrix([[1, 2, 3], 
  [4, 5, 6], 
  [7, 8, 9]]) 

>>> m=numpy.mat('1 2 3;4 5 6;7 8 9') 
>>> numpy.array(m) 
array([[1, 2, 3], 
  [4, 5, 6], 
  [7, 8, 9]]) 

>>> n=numpy.array(m) 
>>> numpy.mat(n) 
matrix([[1, 2, 3], 
  [4, 5, 6], 
  [7, 8, 9]]) 

>>> m.I 
matrix([[ -4.50359963e+15, 9.00719925e+15, -4.50359963e+15], 
  [ 9.00719925e+15, -1.80143985e+16, 9.00719925e+15], 
  [ -4.50359963e+15, 9.00719925e+15, -4.50359963e+15]])