function foo() {
 var something = "cool";
 var another = [1, 2, 3];
 function doSomething() {
 console.log( something );
 }
 function doAnother() {
 console.log( another.join( " ! " ) );
 }
}

function CoolModule() {
 var something = "cool";
 var another = [1, 2, 3];
 function doSomething() {
 alert( something );
 }
 function doAnother() {
 alert( another.join( " ! " ) );
 }
 return {
 doSomething: doSomething,
 doAnother: doAnother
 };
}
var foo = CoolModule();
foo.doSomething(); // cool
foo.doAnother(); // 1 ! 2 ! 3

var foo = (function CoolModule() {
 var something = "cool";
 var another = [1, 2, 3];
 function doSomething() {
 alert( something );
 }
 function doAnother() {
 alert( another.join( " ! " ) );
 }
 return {
 doSomething: doSomething,
 doAnother: doAnother
 };
})();
foo.doSomething(); // cool
foo.doAnother(); // 1 ! 2 ! 3

function CoolModule(id) {
 function identify() {
 console.log( id );
 }
 return {
 identify: identify
 };
}
var foo1 = CoolModule( "foo 1" );
var foo2 = CoolModule( "foo 2" );
foo1.identify(); // "foo 1"
foo2.identify(); // "foo 2"

var foo = (function CoolModule(id) {
function change() {
 // 修改公共API
 publicAPI.identify = identify2;
}
function identify1() {
 alert( id );
}
function identify2() {
 alert( id.toUpperCase() );
}
var publicAPI = {
 change: change,
 identify: identify1
};
return publicAPI;
})( "foo module" );
foo.identify(); // foo module
foo.change();
foo.identify(); // FOO MODULE