<form method="POST" action="upload" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  名字 <input type="text" name="user"></input>
  头像 <input type="file" name="file"></input>
  <input type="submit" id="_submit" value="提交"></input>
 </form> 

document.getElementById("_submit").onclick = function(event){
   //取消掉默认的form提交方式
   if(event.preventDefault) event.preventDefault();
   else event.returnValue = false;       //对于IE的取消方式
   var formDOM = document.getElementsByTagName("form")[];
   //将form的DOM对象当作FormData的构造函数
   var formData = new FormData(formDOM);
   var req = new XMLHttpRequest();
   req.open("POST", "upload");
   //请求完成
   req.onload = function(){
    if(this.status === ){
      //对请求成功的处理
    }
   }
   //将form数据发送出去
   req.send(formData);
　　　　　　 //避免内存泄漏
　　　　　　 req = null;
 } 

var img = document.createElement("img");
     img.src = JSON.parse(this.responseText).path;
     formDOM.insertBefore(img, document.getElementById("_submit")); 

 var req = new XMLHttpRequest();
  var sendData = "user=abc&file=这是一个文本文件的内内容";
  req.open("POST", "upload");
  //发送的数据需要转义，见上面提到的三种格式
  req.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
  req.send(sendData); 

var iframe = document.createElement("iframe");
  iframe.width = 0;
  iframe.height = 0;
  iframe.border = 0;
  iframe.name = "form-iframe";
  iframe.id = "form-iframe";
  iframe.setAttribute("style", "width:0;height:0;border:none");
  //放到document
  this.form.appendChild(iframe); 

 this.form.target = "form-iframe"; 

 iframe.onload = function(){
   var img = document.createElement("img");
   //获取iframe的内容，即服务返回的数据
   var responseData = this.contentDocument.body.textContent || this.contentWindow.document.body.textContent;
   img.src = JSON.parse(responseData).path;
   f.insertBefore(img, document.getElementById("_submit"));
   //删掉iframe
   setTimeout(function(){
    var _frame = document.getElementById("form-iframe");
    _frame.parentNode.removeChild(_frame);
   }, 100);
   //如果提示submit函数不存在，请注意form里面是否有id/value为submit的控件
   this.form.submit();
  } 

 var req = new XMLHttpRequest();
   req.open("POST", "upload");
   //设置和邮箱一样的Content-Type
   req.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/octet-stream");
   var fr = new FileReader();
   fr.onload = function(){
    req.sendAsBinary(this.result);
   }
   req.onload = function(){
     //一样，省略
   }
　　  //读取input文件内容，放到fileReader的result字段里
   fr.readAsBinaryString(this.form["file"].files[0]); 

 if(typeof XMLHttpRequest.prototype.sendAsBinary === 'undefined'){
  XMLHttpRequest.prototype.sendAsBinary = function(text){
  var data = new ArrayBuffer(text.length);
  var uia = new UintArray(data, );
  for (var i = ; i < text.length; i++){ 
   uia[i] = (text.charCodeAt(i) & xff);
  }
  this.send(uia);
  }
 } 

form.html
<form enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post" target="upload" action="upload.php" > 
<input type="file" name="uploadfile" />
<input type="submit" /> 
</form> 
<iframe name="upload" style="display:none"></iframe> 

--> 

upload.php
<?php
header("Content-type:text/html;charset=utf-");
class upload{
 public $_file;
 public function __construct(){
  if(!isset($_FILES['uploadfile'])){
   $name=key($_FILES);
  }
  if(!isset($_FILES['uploadfile'])){
   throw new Exception("并没有文件上传"); 
  }
  $this->_file=$_FILES['uploadfile']; //$this->_file一维数组
  var_dump($this->_file);
  //判断文件是否是通过 HTTP POST 上传的
  //如果 filename 所给出的文件是通过 HTTP POST 上传的则返回 TRUE。这可以用来确保恶意的用户无法欺骗脚本去访问本不能访问的文件，例如 /etc/passwd。 
  if(!is_uploaded_file($this->_file['tmp_name'])) 
   throw new Exception("异常情况"); 
  if($this->_file['error'] !== ) 
   throw new Exception("错误代码:".$this->_file['error']); 
 }
 public function moveTo($new_dir){
  $real_dir=$this->checkDir($new_dir).'/';
  $real_dir=str_replace("\\","/",$real_dir);
  if(!move_uploaded_file($this->_file['tmp_name'],$real_dir.$this->_file['name'])){
   exit('上传失败');
  }
  echo "<script type='text/javascript'>alert('上传成功')</script>";
 }
 public function checkDir($dir){
  if(!file_exists($dir)){
   mkdir($dir,,true);
  }
  return realpath($dir); 
 }
}
$upload=new upload();
$new_dir="./a/b";
$upload->moveTo($new_dir);