function Obj(){
 var a=0; //私有变量
 var fn=function(){ //私有函数

 }
}

var o=new Obj();
console.log(o.a); //undefined
console.log(o.fn); //undefined

function Obj(){}
 Obj.a=0; //静态变量
 Obj.fn=function(){ //静态函数 
}

console.log(Obj.a); //0
console.log(typeof Obj.fn); //function

var o=new Obj();
console.log(o.a); //undefined
console.log(typeof o.fn); //undefined

function Obj(){
 this.a=[]; //实例变量
 this.fn=function(){ //实例方法 
 }
}

console.log(typeof Obj.a); //undefined
console.log(typeof Obj.fn); //undefined

var o=new Obj();
console.log(typeof o.a); //object
console.log(typeof o.fn); //function

function Obj(){
 this.a=[]; //实例变量
 this.fn=function(){ //实例方法

 }
}

var o1=new Obj();
o1.a.push(1);
o1.fn={};
console.log(o1.a); //[1]
console.log(typeof o1.fn); //object
var o2=new Obj();
console.log(o2.a); //[]
console.log(typeof o2.fn); //function

function f1(){};
 var f2 = function(){};
 var f3 = new Function('str','console.log(str)');

 var o3 = new f1();
 var o1 = {};
 var o2 =new Object();

 console.log(typeof Object); //function
 console.log(typeof Function); //function
 console.log(typeof o1); //object
 console.log(typeof o2); //object
 console.log(typeof o3); //object
 console.log(typeof f1); //function
 console.log(typeof f2); //function
 console.log(typeof f3); //function 

 function f1(){};
 console.log(f1.prototype) //f1{}
 console.log(typeof f1.prototype) //Object
 console.log(typeof Function.prototype) // Function，这个特殊
 console.log(typeof Object.prototype) // Object
 console.log(typeof Function.prototype.prototype) //undefined

 var temp = new f1();
 f1. prototype = temp;

var temp1 = new Function ();
 Function.prototype = temp1;

var person = function(name){
 this.name = name
};
person.prototype.getName = function(){
 return this.name; // 这里this指向原型对象person ==>person.name
}
var xpg = new person(‘xiaopingguo');
xpg.getName(); //xiaopingguo

function Person(){

}

function Person(name){
 this.name=name;
}

Person.prototype.printName=function(){
 alert(this.name);
}

var person1=new Person('Byron');
var person2=new Person('Frank');

function Person(name){
 this.name=name;
}

Person.prototype.share=[];

Person.prototype.printName=function(){
 alert(this.name);
}

var person1=new Person('Byron');
var person2=new Person('Frank');

person1.share.push(1);
person2.share.push(2);
console.log(person2.share); //[1,2]

function Person(name){
 this.name=name;
}

Person.prototype.share=[];

var person=new Person('Byron');
person.share=0;

console.log(person.share); //0；而不是prototype中的[]

 function foo() {
 this.add = function (x, y) {
 return x + y;
 }
}

foo.prototype.add = function (x, y) {
 return x + y + 10;
}

Object.prototype.subtract = function (x, y) {
 return x - y;
}

var f = new foo();
alert(f.add(1, 2)); //结果是3，而不是13
alert(f.subtract(1, 2)); //结果是-1

function Foo() {}
Foo.prototype = 1; // 无效

<script type="text/javascript">
 function Animal(name) //积累构造函数
 {
 this.name = name;//设置对象属性
 }

 Animal.prototype.behavior = function() //给基类构造函数的prototype添加behavior方法
 { 
 alert("this is a "+this.name);
 }

 var Dog = new Animal("dog");//创建Dog对象
 var Cat = new Animal("cat");//创建Cat对象

 Dog.behavior();//通过Dog对象直接调用behavior方法
 Cat.behavior();//output "this is a cat"

 alert(Dog.behavior==Cat.behavior);//output true;
</script>

 var Calculator = function (decimalDigits, tax) {
 this.decimalDigits = decimalDigits;
 this.tax = tax;
 };

 Calculator.prototype = {
  add: function (x, y) {
  return x + y;
  },

  subtract: function (x, y) {
  return x - y;
  }
 };
 //alert((new Calculator()).add(1, 3));

Calculator.prototype = function () {
 add = function (x, y) {
  return x + y;
 },

 subtract = function (x, y) {
  return x - y;
 }
 return {
  add: add,
  subtract: subtract
 }
} ();

//alert((new Calculator()).add(11, 3));

var BaseCalculator = function () {
 //为每个实例都声明一个小数位数
 this.decimalDigits = 2;
};
//使用原型给BaseCalculator扩展

BaseCalculator.prototype.add = function (x, y) {
 return x + y;
};

BaseCalculator.prototype.subtract = function (x, y) {
 return x - y;
};

var BaseCalculator = function() {
 this.decimalDigits = 2;
};

BaseCalculator.prototype = {
 add: function(x, y) {
 return x + y;
 },
 subtract: function(x, y) {
 return x - y;
 }
};

//覆盖前面Calculator的add() function 
Calculator.prototype.add = function (x, y) {
 return x + y + this.tax;
};

var calc = new Calculator();
alert(calc.add(1, 1));

// 修改Object.prototype
Object.prototype.bar = 1; 
var foo = {goo: undefined};

foo.bar; // 1
'bar' in foo; // true

foo.hasOwnProperty('bar'); // false
foo.hasOwnProperty('goo'); // true

var foo = {
 hasOwnProperty: function() {
 return false;
 },
 bar: 'Here be dragons'
};

foo.hasOwnProperty('bar'); // 总是返回 false

// 使用{}对象的 hasOwnProperty，并将其上下为设置为foo
{}.hasOwnProperty.call(foo, 'bar'); // true

// 修改 Object.prototype
Object.prototype.bar = 1;

var foo = {moo: 2};
for(var i in foo) {
 console.log(i); // 输出两个属性：bar 和 moo
}

// foo 变量是上例中的
for(var i in foo) {
 if (foo.hasOwnProperty(i)) {
 console.log(i); //moo
 }
}

function Box(){ //大写，代表构造函数
 Box.prototype.name = "trigkit4";//原型属性
 Box.prototype.age = "21";
 Box.prototype.run = function()//原型方法
 { 
 return this.name + this.age + 'studying';
 }
}

var box1 = new Box();
var box2 = new Box();
alert(box1.constructor);//构造属性，可以获取构造函数本身，
   //作用是被原型指针定位，然后得到构造函数本身

function Box(){ //大写，代表构造函数
 Box.prototype.name = "trigkit4";//原型属性
 Box.prototype.age = "21";
 Box.prototype.run = function()//原型方法
 { 
 return this.name + this.age + 'studying';
 }
}

var box1 = new Box();
alert(box1.name);//trigkit4,原型里的值
box1.name = "Lee";
alert(box1.name);//Lee,就进原则

var box2 = new Box();
alert(box2.name);//trigkit4,原型的值，没有被box1修改

function Box(){   
 this.name = "Bill";
}

Box.prototype.name = "trigkit4";//原型属性
Box.prototype.age = "21";
Box.prototype.run = function()//原型方法
{ 
 return this.name + this.age + 'studying';
}

var box1 = new Box();
alert(box1.name);//Bill,原型里的值
box1.name = "Lee";
alert(box1.name);//Lee,就进原则

function Person(){};

Person.prototype.name = "trigkit4";
Person.prototype.say = function(){
 alert("Hi");
}

var p1 = new Person();//prototype是p1和p2的原型对象
var p2 = new Person();//p2为实例化对象，其内部有一个__proto__属性，指向Person的prototype

console.log(p1.prototype);//undefined,这个属性是一个对象，访问不到
console.log(Person.prototype);//Person
console.log(Person.prototype.constructor);//原型对象内部也有一个指针（constructor属性）指向构造函数
console.log(p1.__proto__);//这个属性是一个指针指向prototype原型对象
p1.say();//实例可以访问到在原型对象上定义的属性和方法