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springMVC配置环境实现文件上传和下载

时间：2022-01-18 06:50 编辑：来源：阅读：
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摘要：springMVC配置环境实现文件上传和下载

最近的项目中用到了文件的上传和下载功能，我觉着这个功能比较重要，因此特意把它提取出来自己进行了尝试。下面就是springMVC配置环境实现文件上传和下载的具体步骤，供大家参考，具体内容如下 [b]一、基础配置：[/b] maven导包及配置pom.xml，导包时除开springmvc的基础依赖外，需要导入文件上传下载时用到的commons-io.jsr和commons-fileupload.jar：

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> 
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 
 <groupId>filLoadTest</groupId> 
 <artifactId>filLoadTest</artifactId> 
 <packaging>war</packaging> 
 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> 
 <name>filLoadTest Maven Webapp</name> 
 <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> 
 <build> 
 <finalName>filLoadTest</finalName> 
 <plugins> 
  <!-- 以下配置可以保证每次强制更新时jre版本不会变化，那我的eclipse4.4.1，maven3.2.5为例，如果不设置这个，每次强制更新时jre就会变回1.5 --> 
  <plugin> 
  <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> 
  <version>2.3.2</version> 
  <configuration> 
   <source>1.7</source> 
   <target>1.7</target> 
   <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> 
   <compilerArguments> 
   <verbose /> 
   <bootclasspath>${java.home}\lib\rt.jar</bootclasspath> 
   </compilerArguments> 
  </configuration> 
  </plugin> 
 </plugins> 
 </build> 
 <dependencies> 
 <dependency> 
 <groupId>junit</groupId> 
 <artifactId>junit</artifactId> 
 <version>3.8.1</version> 
 <scope>test</scope> 
 </dependency> 
 <dependency> 
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
 <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> 
 <version>4.0.6.RELEASE</version> 
 </dependency> 
 <dependency> 
 <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> 
 <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> 
 <version>2.2.3</version> 
 </dependency> 
 <dependency> 
 <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> 
 <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> 
 <version>2.2.3</version> 
 </dependency> 
 <dependency> 
 <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> 
 <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> 
 <version>2.2.3</version> 
 </dependency> 
 <dependency> 
 <groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId> 
 <artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId> 
 <version>1.3.1</version> 
 </dependency> 
 <dependency> 
 <groupId>commons-io</groupId> 
 <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId> 
 <version>2.4</version> 
 </dependency> 
 </dependencies> 
</project>

[b]web.xml基础配置：[/b]

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
 xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" 
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" 
 id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"> 
 <filter> 
 <description>字符集过滤器</description> 
 <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> 
 <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> 
 <init-param> 
  <description>字符集编码</description> 
  <param-name>encoding</param-name> 
  <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> 
 </init-param> 
 </filter> 
 <filter-mapping> 
 <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> 
 <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> 
 </filter-mapping> 
 <servlet> 
 <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> 
 <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> 
 <init-param> 
  <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> 
  <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value> 
 </init-param> 
 </servlet> 
 <servlet-mapping> 
 <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name> 
 <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> 
 </servlet-mapping> 
 <welcome-file-list> 
 <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> 
 <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file> 
 <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> 
 <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file> 
 <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file> 
 <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file> 
 </welcome-file-list> 
</web-app>

[b]spring基础配置spring.xml: [/b]

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" 
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
 xsi:schemaLocation=" 
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
 http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> 
 
 
 <context:annotation-config /> 
 <mvc:annotation-driven /> 
 <context:component-scan base-package="controllers" /> 
 
 <!-- 避免IE执行AJAX时,返回JSON出现下载文件 --> 
 <bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" 
 class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter"> 
 <property name="supportedMediaTypes"> 
  <list> 
  <value>text/html;charset=utf-8</value> 
  </list> 
 </property> 
 </bean> 
 
 
 <!-- 启动Spring MVC的注解功能，完成请求和注解POJO的映射 --> 
 <bean 
 class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter"> 
 <property name="messageConverters"> 
  <list> 
  <ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /><!-- json转换器 --> 
  </list> 
 </property> 
 </bean> 
 
 <!-- 支持上传文件 --> 
 <bean id="multipartResolver" 
 class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver" > 
 <!-- 100M --> 
 <property name="maxUploadSize" value="104857600"></property> 
 <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8"></property> 
 </bean> 
</beans>

[b]二、文件上传的代码[/b] 上传的简单页面index.html,要注意form表单提交时的entype的设置：

<!DOCTYPE html> 
<html> 
<head> 
 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> 
</head> 
<body> 
 <form action="./upLoadFile.do" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"> 
   选择文件：<input type="file" name="file"/> 
   <input type="submit" value="提交"/> 
 </form> 
</body> 
</html>

上传对应的后台java代码，具体问题见注释：

package controllers; 
 
 
import java.io.File; 
import java.io.IOException; 
import java.util.Iterator; 
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; 
import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils; 
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders; 
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; 
import org.springframework.http.MediaType; 
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity; 
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; 
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; 
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile; 
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartHttpServletRequest; 
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver; 
 
 
@Controller 
public class fileController { 
 
 
 /** 
 * 文件上传 
 * 
 * @author：tuzongxun 
 * @Title: upLoadFile 
 * @param @param file 
 * @param @param request 
 * @param @throws IllegalStateException 
 * @param @throws IOException 
 * @return void 
 * @date Apr 28, 2016 1:22:00 PM 
 * @throws 
 */ 
 @RequestMapping(value = "/upLoadFile.do", method = RequestMethod.POST) 
 public void upLoadFile(HttpServletRequest request) 
  throws IllegalStateException, IOException { 
 // @RequestParam("file") MultipartFile file, 
 CommonsMultipartResolver multipartResolver = new CommonsMultipartResolver( 
  request.getSession().getServletContext()); 
 // 判断 request 是否有文件上传,即多部分请求 
 if (multipartResolver.isMultipart(request)) { 
  // 转换成多部分request 
  MultipartHttpServletRequest multiRequest = (MultipartHttpServletRequest) request; 
  // 取得request中的所有文件名 
  Iterator<String> iter = multiRequest.getFileNames(); 
  while (iter.hasNext()) { 
  // 取得上传文件 
  MultipartFile f = multiRequest.getFile(iter.next()); 
  if (f != null) { 
   // 取得当前上传文件的文件名称 
   String myFileName = f.getOriginalFilename(); 
   // 如果名称不为“”,说明该文件存在，否则说明该文件不存在 
   if (myFileName.trim() != "") { 
   // 定义上传路径 
   String path = "C:\\Users\\tuzongxun123\\Desktop\\" 
    + myFileName; 
   File localFile = new File(path); 
   f.transferTo(localFile); 
   } 
  } 
  } 
 } 
 } 
}

当选择文件提交后，便会看到选中的文件被传到了代码中指定的位置，页面效果图如下 [img]http://files.jb51.net/file_images/article/201605/2016520144519855.png?2016420144536[/img] [b]三、文件下载[/b] 文件下载需要获取下载文件的存储路径，这里只是手动填入，如果是在具体项目中，可以把文件名和上传后的存储路径保存在数据库中。然后增加一个文件列表的页面展示文件名和文件路径，然后点击下载的时候把相应的文件名和路径传到后台操作。

/** 
  * 文件下载，需要文件名和文件地址 
  * 
  * @author：tuzongxun 
  * @Title: download 
  * @param@param name 
  * @param@param path 
  * @param@return 
  * @param@throws IOException 
  * @returnResponseEntity<byte[]> 
  * @date Apr 28,2016 1:21:32 PM 
  * @throws 
  */ 
 @RequestMapping(value = "/downLoadFile.do") 
 public ResponseEntity<byte[]> download(@RequestParam("name") String name, 
   @RequestParam("filePath") String path) throws IOException { 
  File file = new File(path); 
  HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders(); 
  String fileName = new String(name.getBytes("UTF-8"), "iso-8859-1");// 为了解决中文名称乱码问题 
  headers.setContentDispositionFormData("attachment", fileName); 
  headers.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_OCTET_STREAM); 
  return new ResponseEntity<byte[]>(FileUtils.readFileToByteArray(file), 
    headers, HttpStatus.CREATED); 
 }

Html页面，这里只是简单的填写文件名和文件路径，用form表单提交到后台，然后后台会控制response在页面弹出保存文件路径的选择框，当然了，这里的后台我没有做什么处理，如果文件不存在是会报错的，可以进行相应的处理：文件下载：

 </br> </br> 
 <form action="./downLoadFile.do"style="border:1px solid grey;width:auto;" method="post"> 
   文件名：<input type="text" name="name"/></br></br> 
   文件路径：<input type="text" name="filePath"/></br></br> 
   <input type="submit" value="确认下载"/> 
 </form>

页面视图如下： [img]http://files.jb51.net/file_images/article/201605/2016520144920169.png?2016420144933[/img] 如果文件不存在，报错如下： [img]http://files.jb51.net/file_images/article/201605/2016520144946871.png?2016420144955[/img] 以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助。

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