/* default state */
.state-indicator {
  position: absolute;
  top: -999em;
  left: -999em;

  z-index: 1;
}

/* small desktop */
@media all and (max-width: 1200px) {
  .state-indicator {
    z-index: 2;
  }
}

/* tablet */
@media all and (max-width: 1024px) {
  .state-indicator {
    z-index: 3;
  }
}

/* mobile phone */
@media all and (max-width: 768px) {
  .state-indicator {
    z-index: 4;
  }
}

// Create the state-indicator element
var indicator = document.createElement('div');
indicator.className = 'state-indicator';
document.body.appendChild(indicator);

// Create a method which returns device state
function getDeviceState() {
  return parseInt(window.getComputedStyle(indicator).getPropertyValue('z-index'), 10);
}
getDeviceState() 函数返回的就是 z-index 的值，为了增强一下可读性，可以用 switch 函数来规范输出一下：

function getDeviceState() {
  switch(parseInt(window.getComputedStyle(indicator).getPropertyValue('z-index'), 10)) {
    case 2:
      return 'small-desktop';
      break;
    case 3:
      return 'tablet';
      break;
    case 4:
      return 'phone';
      break;
    default:
      return 'desktop';
      break;
  }
}

if(getDeviceState() == 'tablet') {
  // 平板电脑下执行的 JavaScript 代码
}

$(function(){
  $('body').append('<div class="state-indicator"></div>');

  function getDeviceState() {
    switch(parseInt($('.state-indicator').css('z-index'),10)) {
      case 2:
        return 'small-desktop';
        break;
      case 3:
        return 'tablet';
        break;
      case 4:
        return 'phone';
        break;
      default:
        return 'desktop';
        break;
    }
  }

  console.log(getDeviceState());
  $('.state-indicator').remove();
});