function async1(){
  //do sth...
}
function async2(){
  //do sth...
  async1();
}
async2();

$.ajax({
  url:"/jquery/test1.txt",
  async:false
});

var cnt = 0;
function async1(){
  //do sth...
  callback();
}
function async2(){
  //do sth...
  callback();
}
function callback(){
  cnt++;
  if(2==cnt) console.log('都已执行完毕');
}

var cnt = 0;
function async1(){
  //do sth...
  cnt++;
}
function async2(){
  //do sth...
  cnt++;
}
while(2>cnt){}

var cnt = 0;
function async1(){
  //do sth...
  cnt++;
}
function async2(){
  //do sth...
  cnt++;
}
var interval = setInterval(function(){
  if(2===cnt){
    console.log('已执行完成');
    clearInterval(interval)
  }
}

var d1 = $.Deferred();
var d2 = $.Deferred();
function async1(){
  d1.resolve( "Fish" );
}
function async2(){
  d2.resolve( "Pizza" );
}
$.when( d1, d2 ).done(function ( v1, v2 ) {
  console.log( v1 + v2 + '已完成');
});