<?xml version="1.0" encoding="gb2312"?>
<!--MenuStrip：mnsMainMenu控件中的各个菜单配置-->
<!--Menu：菜单栏中的各项，Text：显示名称，ShortKey：快捷键-->
<MenuStrip>
 <Menu Text="文件(File)" ShortKey="Alt+F">
 <Item Type="MenuItem" Text="修改窗口颜色">
  <Item Type="MenuItem" Text="红色" ShortKey="Shift+F6"
   FunctionAttribute="ColorToRed" />
  <Item Type="MenuItem" Text="绿色" ShortKey="Shift+F7"
   FunctionAttribute="ColorToLawnGreen" />
 </Item>
 <Item Type="Seperator" />
 <Item Type="MenuItem" Text="普通" ShortKey="Ctrl+Shift+X"
   FunctionAttribute="FormNormal" />
 <Item Type="MenuItem" Text="最小化" ShortKey="Ctrl+Shift+Y" 
   FunctionAttribute="FormMinimize" />
 <Item Type="MenuItem" Text="最大化" ShortKey="Ctrl+Shift+Z" 
   FunctionAttribute="FormMaximize" />
 <Item Type="Seperator" />
 <Item Type="MenuItem" Text="关闭" ShortKey="Alt+F4"
   FunctionAttribute="FormClose" />
 </Menu>
 <Menu Text="帮助(Help)" ShortKey="Alt+F">
 <Item Type="MenuItem" Text="关于" FunctionAttribute="FormAbout" /> 
 </Menu>
</MenuStrip>

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Xml;
using System.Reflection;
namespace Program22
{
 public partial class FormMain : Form
 {
  public FormMain()
  {
   InitializeComponent();
  }
  //1.把MenuConfig.xml中的信息反映到菜单mnsMainMenu上
  //2.显示文本、快捷键等信息直接添加，FunctionName属性添加到Tag中
  //3.通过反射找到对应函数，完成操作
  private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
  {
   SetMainMenu("MenuConfig.xml");
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 设置MenuStrip控件
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="address"></param>
  private void SetMainMenu(string address)
  {
   //设置前清空MenuStrip中所有项
   mnsMainMenu.Items.Clear();
   //读取XML文件
   XmlDocument xmlDoc = new XmlDocument();
   xmlDoc.Load(address);
   XmlNode root = xmlDoc.SelectSingleNode("MenuStrip");
   SetMenu(mnsMainMenu, root);
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 设置MenuStrip控件第一层菜单及其子菜单
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="ms">MenuStrip控件</param>
  /// <param name="xnode">XML结点</param>
  private void SetMenu(MenuStrip ms, XmlNode xnode)
  {
   foreach (XmlNode xn in xnode.ChildNodes)
   {
    XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;
    ToolStripMenuItem newtsmi = new ToolStripMenuItem(xe.GetAttribute("Text"));
    //设置快捷键
    if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(xe.GetAttribute("ShortKey")))
    {
     SetShortKey(newtsmi, xe.GetAttribute("ShortKey"));
    }
    //设置调用函数
    if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(xe.GetAttribute("FunctionAttribute")))
    {
     newtsmi.Tag = xe.GetAttribute("FunctionAttribute");
     newtsmi.Click += ToolStripMenuItem_Click;
    }
    //设置子菜单
    if (xn.ChildNodes.Count != 0)
    {
     SetItem(newtsmi, xn);
    }
    ms.Items.Add(newtsmi);
   }
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 设置 ToolStripMenuItem 控件及其子菜单（递归设置）
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="tsmi">ToolStripMenuItem控件</param>
  /// <param name="xnode">XML结点</param>
  private void SetItem(ToolStripMenuItem tsmi, XmlNode xnode)
  {
   foreach (XmlNode xn in xnode.ChildNodes)
   {
    XmlElement xe = (XmlElement)xn;
    ToolStripMenuItem newtsmi = new ToolStripMenuItem(xe.GetAttribute("Text"));
    switch (xe.GetAttribute("Type"))
    {
     case "MenuItem": 
      {
       //设置快捷键
       if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(xe.GetAttribute("ShortKey")))
       {
        SetShortKey(newtsmi, xe.GetAttribute("ShortKey"));
       }
       //设置调用函数
       if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(
        xe.GetAttribute("FunctionAttribute")))
       {
        newtsmi.Tag = xe.GetAttribute("FunctionAttribute");
        newtsmi.Click += ToolStripMenuItem_Click;
       }
       //设置子菜单
       if (xn.ChildNodes.Count != 0)
       {
        SetItem(newtsmi, xn);
       }
       tsmi.DropDownItems.Add(newtsmi as ToolStripItem);
      } break;
     case "Seperator":
      {
       tsmi.DropDownItems.Add(new ToolStripSeparator());
      } break;
     default: break;
    }
   }
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 通过字符串（如"Ctrl+Alt+A"）判断按键信息
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="key"></param>
  /// <returns></returns>
  private void SetShortKey(ToolStripMenuItem tsmi, string key)
  {
   System.Windows.Forms.Keys result = default(System.Windows.Forms.Keys);
   string[] keys = key.Split('+');
   if (keys.Contains("Ctrl")) { result |= Keys.Control; }
   if (keys.Contains("Shift")) { result |= Keys.Shift; }
   if (keys.Contains("Alt")) { result |= Keys.Alt; }
   if (keys.Contains("A")) { result |= Keys.A; }
   if (keys.Contains("B")) { result |= Keys.B; }
   if (keys.Contains("C")) { result |= Keys.C; }
   if (keys.Contains("D")) { result |= Keys.D; }
   if (keys.Contains("E")) { result |= Keys.E; }
   if (keys.Contains("F")) { result |= Keys.F; }
   if (keys.Contains("G")) { result |= Keys.G; }
   if (keys.Contains("H")) { result |= Keys.H; }
   if (keys.Contains("I")) { result |= Keys.I; }
   if (keys.Contains("J")) { result |= Keys.J; }
   if (keys.Contains("K")) { result |= Keys.K; }
   if (keys.Contains("L")) { result |= Keys.L; }
   if (keys.Contains("M")) { result |= Keys.M; }
   if (keys.Contains("N")) { result |= Keys.N; }
   if (keys.Contains("O")) { result |= Keys.O; }
   if (keys.Contains("P")) { result |= Keys.P; }
   if (keys.Contains("Q")) { result |= Keys.Q; }
   if (keys.Contains("R")) { result |= Keys.R; }
   if (keys.Contains("S")) { result |= Keys.S; }
   if (keys.Contains("T")) { result |= Keys.T; }
   if (keys.Contains("U")) { result |= Keys.U; }
   if (keys.Contains("V")) { result |= Keys.V; }
   if (keys.Contains("W")) { result |= Keys.W; }
   if (keys.Contains("X")) { result |= Keys.X; }
   if (keys.Contains("Y")) { result |= Keys.Y; }
   if (keys.Contains("Z")) { result |= Keys.Z; }
   if (keys.Contains("0")) { result |= Keys.D0; }
   if (keys.Contains("1")) { result |= Keys.D1; }
   if (keys.Contains("2")) { result |= Keys.D2; }
   if (keys.Contains("3")) { result |= Keys.D3; }
   if (keys.Contains("4")) { result |= Keys.D4; }
   if (keys.Contains("5")) { result |= Keys.D5; }
   if (keys.Contains("6")) { result |= Keys.D6; }
   if (keys.Contains("7")) { result |= Keys.D7; }
   if (keys.Contains("8")) { result |= Keys.D8; }
   if (keys.Contains("9")) { result |= Keys.D9; }
   if (keys.Contains("F1")) { result |= Keys.F1; }
   if (keys.Contains("F2")) { result |= Keys.F2; }
   if (keys.Contains("F3")) { result |= Keys.F3; }
   if (keys.Contains("F4")) { result |= Keys.F4; }
   if (keys.Contains("F5")) { result |= Keys.F5; }
   if (keys.Contains("F6")) { result |= Keys.F6; }
   if (keys.Contains("F7")) { result |= Keys.F7; }
   if (keys.Contains("F8")) { result |= Keys.F8; }
   if (keys.Contains("F9")) { result |= Keys.F9; }
   if (keys.Contains("F10")) { result |= Keys.F10; }
   if (keys.Contains("F11")) { result |= Keys.F11; }
   if (keys.Contains("F12")) { result |= Keys.F12; }
   tsmi.ShortcutKeys = result;
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 特性 RemarkAttribute，用在函数上，其 Remark 属性决定了
  /// 积分函数 Integration 应该选择程序中的哪个函数进行计算
  /// </summary>
  [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Method)]
  public class RemarkAttribute : Attribute
  {
   string remark;
   public string Remark
   {
    get { return remark; }
   }
   //构造函数
   public RemarkAttribute(string comment)
   {
    remark = comment;
   }
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 单击一个ToolStripMenuItem后触发的事件
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="sender"></param>
  /// <param name="e"></param>
  private void ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
  {
   //如果Tag为空，则不执行任何事件
   if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace((string)((ToolStripMenuItem)sender).Tag))
   {
    return;
   }
   //如果Tag存在，则寻找具有和Tag内容一致特性的函数并调用
   FunctionInvoke((string)((ToolStripMenuItem)sender).Tag);
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 调用具有指定特性名的函数
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="funcattr">函数的RemarkAttribute特性值</param>
  private void FunctionInvoke(string funcattr)
  {
   //需要 using System.Reflection;
   MethodInfo[] mi = typeof(FormMain).GetMethods(
    BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance);
   //找到具有指定特性的函数，进行调用
   foreach (MethodInfo m in mi)
   {
    Type t2 = typeof(RemarkAttribute);
    RemarkAttribute ra = (RemarkAttribute)Attribute.GetCustomAttribute(m, t2);
    if (ra != null && ra.Remark == funcattr)
    {
     m.Invoke(this, new object[] { });
     break;
    }
   }
  }
  //需要调用的函数
  [RemarkAttribute("ColorToRed")] //窗口底色：红
  private void ChangeColorToRed() { this.BackColor = Color.Red; }
  [RemarkAttribute("ColorToLawnGreen")] //窗口底色：绿
  private void ChangeColorToLawnGreen() { this.BackColor = Color.LawnGreen; }
  [RemarkAttribute("FormNormal")] //窗口大小：普通
  private void ChangeSizeToNrm() { this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Normal; }
  [RemarkAttribute("FormMinimize")] //窗口大小：最小化
  private void ChangeSizeToMin() { this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Minimized; }
  [RemarkAttribute("FormMaximize")] //窗口大小：最大化
  private void ChangeSizeToMax() { this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Maximized; }
  [RemarkAttribute("FormClose")] //退出程序
  private void CloseForm() { Application.Exit(); }
  [RemarkAttribute("FormAbout")] //关于程序
  private void AboutForm() { MessageBox.Show("Write By Tsybius 2014/5/15"); }
 }
}