pip install beautifulsoup4==4.5.3
pip install requests==2.13.0

from http import cookiejar
session = requests.session()
session.cookies = cookiejar.LWPCookieJar(filename='cookies.txt')
try:
 session.cookies.load(ignore_discard=True)
except LoadError:
 print("load cookies failed")

def get_xsrf():
 response = session.get("https://www.zhihu.com", headers=headers)
 soup = BeautifulSoup(response.content, "html.parser")
 xsrf = soup.find('input', attrs={"name": "_xsrf"}).get("value")
 return xsrf

def get_captcha():
 """
 把验证码图片保存到当前目录，手动识别验证码
 :return:
 """
 t = str(int(time.time() * 1000))
 captcha_url = 'https://www.zhihu.com/captcha.gif?r=' + t + "&type=login"
 r = session.get(captcha_url, headers=headers)
 with open('captcha.jpg', 'wb') as f:
  f.write(r.content)
 captcha = input("验证码：")
 return captcha

def login(email, password):
 login_url = 'https://www.zhihu.com/login/email'
 data = {
  'email': email,
  'password': password,
  '_xsrf': get_xsrf(),
  "captcha": get_captcha(),
  'remember_me': 'true'}
 response = session.post(login_url, data=data, headers=headers)
 login_code = response.json()
 print(login_code['msg'])
 for i in session.cookies:
  print(i)
 session.cookies.save()

# encoding: utf-8
# !/usr/bin/env python
"""
作者：liuzhijun
"""
import time
from http import cookiejar

import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

headers = {
  "Host": "www.zhihu.com",
  "Referer": "https://www.zhihu.com/",
  'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_10_5) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/56.0.2924.87'
}

# 使用登录cookie信息
session = requests.session()
session.cookies = cookiejar.LWPCookieJar(filename='cookies.txt')
try:
  print(session.cookies)
  session.cookies.load(ignore_discard=True)

except:
  print("还没有cookie信息")


def get_xsrf():
  response = session.get("https://www.zhihu.com", headers=headers)
  soup = BeautifulSoup(response.content, "html.parser")
  xsrf = soup.find('input', attrs={"name": "_xsrf"}).get("value")
  return xsrf


def get_captcha():
  """
  把验证码图片保存到当前目录，手动识别验证码
  :return:
  """
  t = str(int(time.time() * 1000))
  captcha_url = 'https://www.zhihu.com/captcha.gif?r=' + t + "&type=login"
  r = session.get(captcha_url, headers=headers)
  with open('captcha.jpg', 'wb') as f:
    f.write(r.content)
  captcha = input("验证码：")
  return captcha


def login(email, password):
  login_url = 'https://www.zhihu.com/login/email'
  data = {
    'email': email,
    'password': password,
    '_xsrf': get_xsrf(),
    "captcha": get_captcha(),
    'remember_me': 'true'}
  response = session.post(login_url, data=data, headers=headers)
  login_code = response.json()
  print(login_code['msg'])
  for i in session.cookies:
    print(i)
  session.cookies.save()


if __name__ == '__main__':
  email = "xxxx"
  password = "xxxxx"
  login(email, password)