$values = array('value1', 'value2');
$list($v1, $v2) = $values;

[$v1, $v2] = ['foo', 'bar'];

list('v1' => $value1, 'v2' => $value2) = array('v1' => 'foo', 'v2' => 'bar', ...);
// or
['v1' => $value1, 'v2' => $value2] = ['v1' => 'foo', 'v2' => 'bar', ...];

$arr = [
  ['x', 'y'],
  ['x1', 'y2'],
];
foreach ($arr as list($x, $y)) {
  echo $x, ' ', $y, PHP_EOL;
}

$arr = [
  ['x' => 1, 'y' => '2'],
  ['x' => 2, 'y' => '4'],
];
foreach ($arr as ['x' => $x, 'y' => $y)) {
  echo $x, ' ', $y, PHP_EOL;
}

class ElePHPant
{
  private $name, $colour, $age, $cuteness;
  public function __construct(array $attributes) {
    // $this->name = $attributes['name']; // 以前
    // 现在
    [
      "name" => $this->name,
      "colour" => $this->colour,
      "age" => $this->age,
      "cuteness" => $this->cuteness
    ] = $attributes;
  }
  // ...
}

[[$a, $b], [$c, $d]] = [[1, 2], [3, 4]];

class ElePHPant
{
  private $name, $colour, $age, $cuteness;
  public function __construct(["name" => string $name, "colour" => \Colour $colour, "age" => int $age, "cuteness" => float $cuteness]) {
    $this->name = $name;
    $this->colour = $colour;
    $this->age = $age;
    $this->cuteness = $cuteness;
  }
  // ...
}