代码如下:
[url=x]document.write('Found the following link URLs in the string:<br/><ul>');
while (matches = /<a href=['"](.*)['"]>.*<\/a>/g.exec(s)) {
document.write('<li>' + matches[1] + '</li>\n');
}
document.write('</ul>');
Which, when run, we get the following results in Firefox/Safari/Chrome:
Found the following link URLs in the string:
x
y
z
Our while loop using RegExp.exec() on our in-line regular expression does what it's supposed to and continues to match from where it left off in the string giving us our captured portion in the matches[] array. However, when run in Internet Explorer, we get the following lovely result (at least up until IE tells us the script is no longer responding and asks us to kill it):
Found the following link URLs in the string:
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
…ad infinitum…
Obviously, we have generated an infinite loop using our code above in IE; but why? The issue is that IE doesn't correctly maintain the lastIndex member for the regular expression object each iteration through the loop. Each time through the loop, which if you look at the highlighted code is in-lined, IE creates a new RegExp object and hence resets the lastIndex member to the beginning of the string. Therefore, we match the first link in the string infinitely as the lastIndex pointer never progresses between matches. There is a way around this, and that is to declare the regular expression separately, outside the loop, (it gets created just once) and then call exec() on that singular RegExp object as follows:
var rx = /<a href=['"](.*)['"]>.*<\/a>/g;
var s='<a href="x">X</a>\n<a href="y">Y</a>\n<a href="z">Z</a>\n';
document.write('Found the following link URLs in the string:<br/><ul>');
while (matches = rx.exec(s)) {
document.write('<li>' + matches[1] + '</li>\n');
}
document.write('</ul>');
Now, the lastIndex member of our RegExp object gets updated correctly and we get the results we expected. Somewhat related to this item is the following interesting lastIndex bug in IE with zero-length matches. Hopefully, this will save someone a headache when trying to debug using Javascript RegExp.exec().