static void Main(string[] args)
{
 Console.WriteLine("主线程开始");
 //IsBackground=true，将其设置为后台线程
 Thread t = new Thread(Run) { IsBackground = true };
 t.Start();
　　 Console.WriteLine("主线程在做其他的事！");
 //主线程结束，后台线程会自动结束，不管有没有执行完成
 //Thread.Sleep(300);
 Thread.Sleep(1500);
 Console.WriteLine("主线程结束");
}
static void Run()
{
 Thread.Sleep(700);
 Console.WriteLine("这是后台线程调用");
}

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
{
 ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(m =>
 {
  Console.WriteLine(Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString());
 });
}
Console.Read();

 static SemaphoreSlim semLim = new SemaphoreSlim(3); //3表示最多只能有三个线程同时访问
static void Main(string[] args)
{
 for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
 {
  new Thread(SemaphoreTest).Start();
 }
 Console.Read();
}
static void SemaphoreTest()
{
 semLim.Wait();
 Console.WriteLine("线程" + Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString() + "开始执行");
 Thread.Sleep(2000);
 Console.WriteLine("线程" + Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString() + "执行完毕");
 semLim.Release();
}

Console.WriteLine("主线程启动");
//Task.Run启动一个线程
//Task启动的是后台线程，要在主线程中等待后台线程执行完毕，可以调用Wait方法
//Task task = Task.Factory.StartNew(() => { Thread.Sleep(1500); Console.WriteLine("task启动"); });
Task task = Task.Run(() => { 
 Thread.Sleep(1500);
 Console.WriteLine("task启动");
});
Thread.Sleep(300);
task.Wait();
Console.WriteLine("主线程结束");

static void Main(string[] args)
{
 for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
 {
  new Thread(Run1).Start();
 }
 for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
 {
  Task.Run(() => { Run2(); });
 }
}
static void Run1()
{
 Console.WriteLine("Thread Id =" + Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
}
static void Run2()
{
 Console.WriteLine("Task调用的Thread Id =" + Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
}

Console.WriteLine("主线程开始");
//返回值类型为string
Task<string> task = Task<string>.Run(() => {
 Thread.Sleep(2000); 
 return Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId.ToString(); 
});
//会等到task执行完毕才会输出;
Console.WriteLine(task.Result);
Console.WriteLine("主线程结束");

static void Main(string[] args)
{
 Console.WriteLine("-------主线程启动-------");
 Task<int> task = GetStrLengthAsync();
 Console.WriteLine("主线程继续执行");
 Console.WriteLine("Task返回的值" + task.Result);
 Console.WriteLine("-------主线程结束-------");
}
static async Task<int> GetStrLengthAsync()
{
 Console.WriteLine("GetStrLengthAsync方法开始执行");
 //此处返回的<string>中的字符串类型，而不是Task<string>
 string str = await GetString();
 Console.WriteLine("GetStrLengthAsync方法执行结束");
 return str.Length;
}
static Task<string> GetString()
{
　　 //Console.WriteLine("GetString方法开始执行")
 return Task<string>.Run(() =>
 {
  Thread.Sleep(2000);
  return "GetString的返回值";
 });
}

class Program
{
 static void Main(string[] args)
 {
  Console.WriteLine("主程序开始--------------------");
  int threadId;
  AsyncDemo ad = new AsyncDemo();
  AsyncMethodCaller caller = new AsyncMethodCaller(ad.TestMethod);

  IAsyncResult result = caller.BeginInvoke(3000,out threadId, null, null);
  Thread.Sleep(0);
  Console.WriteLine("主线程线程 {0} 正在运行.",Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId)
  //会阻塞线程，直到后台线程执行完毕之后，才会往下执行
  result.AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne();
  Console.WriteLine("主程序在做一些事情！！！");
  //获取异步执行的结果
  string returnValue = caller.EndInvoke(out threadId, result);
  //释放资源
  result.AsyncWaitHandle.Close();
  Console.WriteLine("主程序结束--------------------");
  Console.Read();
 }
}
public class AsyncDemo
{
 //供后台线程执行的方法
 public string TestMethod(int callDuration, out int threadId)
 {
  Console.WriteLine("测试方法开始执行.");
  Thread.Sleep(callDuration);
  threadId = Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId;
  return String.Format("测试方法执行的时间 {0}.", callDuration.ToString());
 }
}
public delegate string AsyncMethodCaller(int callDuration, out int threadId);

Stopwatch watch1 = new Stopwatch();
watch1.Start();
for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++)
{
 Console.Write(i + ",");
 Thread.Sleep(1000);
}
watch1.Stop();
Console.WriteLine(watch1.Elapsed);
Stopwatch watch2 = new Stopwatch();
watch2.Start();
//会调用线程池中的线程
Parallel.For(1, 11, i =>
{
 Console.WriteLine(i + ",线程ID:" + Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId);
 Thread.Sleep(1000);
});
watch2.Stop();
Console.WriteLine(watch2.Elapsed);

List<int> list = new List<int>() { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 7, 8, 9 };
Parallel.ForEach<int>(list, n =>
{
 Console.WriteLine(n);
 Thread.Sleep(1000);
});

Action[] actions = new Action[] { 
 new Action(()=>{
  Console.WriteLine("方法1");
 }),
 new Action(()=>{
  Console.WriteLine("方法2");
 })
};
Parallel.Invoke(actions);