$str = "hello";
$pos = strpos($str, 111);
// 111的ASCII值是o，因此$pos = 4
strpos核心源码

if (Z_TYPE_P(needle) == IS_STRING) {
   if (!Z_STRLEN_P(needle)) {
     php_error_docref(NULL TSRMLS_CC, E_WARNING, "Empty needle");
     RETURN_FALSE;
   }

   // 调用php_memnstr函数查找needle
   found = php_memnstr(haystack + offset,
              Z_STRVAL_P(needle),
              Z_STRLEN_P(needle),
              haystack + haystack_len);
   } else {
     // 如果不是字符串，转换成数字并赋值为该数字的ASCII字符。
     if (php_needle_char(needle, needle_char TSRMLS_CC) != SUCCESS) {
        RETURN_FALSE;
     }
     //设置结束字符
     needle_char[1] = 0;
     found = php_memnstr(haystack + offset,
              needle_char,
              1,
              haystack + haystack_len);
　　 }
}

static inline char *
zend_memnstr(char *haystack, char *needle, int needle_len, char *end)
{
  char *p = haystack;
  char ne = needle[needle_len-1];
  if (needle_len == 1) {
    return (char *)memchr(p, *needle, (end-p));
  }

  if (needle_len > end-haystack) {
    return NULL;
  }

  // 第一个优化，只查找end - needle_len次
  end -= needle_len;

  while (p <= end) {
    // 第二个优化，先判断字符串的开头和结尾是否一样再判断整个字符串
    if ((p = (char *)memchr(p, *needle, (end-p+1))) && ne == p[needle_len-1]) {
      if (!memcmp(needle, p, needle_len-1)) {
        return p;
      }
    }

    if (p == NULL) {
      return NULL;
    }

    p++;
  }

  return NULL;
}

if (found) {
    // 计算出found的位置
    found_offset = found - haystack;
    if (part) {
      RETURN_STRINGL(haystack, found_offset, 1);
    } else {
      RETURN_STRINGL(found, haystack_len - found_offset, 1);
    }
}

// 拷贝一份haystack
haystack_dup = estrndup(haystack, haystack_len);

if (Z_TYPE_P(needle) == IS_STRING) {
  char *orig_needle;
  if (!Z_STRLEN_P(needle)) {
    php_error_docref(NULL TSRMLS_CC, E_WARNING, "Empty needle");
    efree(haystack_dup);
    RETURN_FALSE;
  }
  orig_needle = estrndup(Z_STRVAL_P(needle), Z_STRLEN_P(needle));
  // 调用php_stristr函数找出orig_needle的值。
  found = php_stristr(haystack_dup, orig_needle,  haystack_len, Z_STRLEN_P(needle));
  efree(orig_needle);
} else {
  if (php_needle_char(needle, needle_char TSRMLS_CC) != SUCCESS) {
    efree(haystack_dup);
    RETURN_FALSE;
  }
  needle_char[1] = 0;

  found = php_stristr(haystack_dup, needle_char,  haystack_len, 1);
}

if (found) {
  found_offset = found - haystack_dup;
  if (part) {
    RETVAL_STRINGL(haystack, found_offset, 1);
  } else {
    RETVAL_STRINGL(haystack + found_offset, haystack_len - found_offset, 1);
  }
} else {
  RETVAL_FALSE;
}

// 释放变量
efree(haystack_dup);

PHPAPI char *php_stristr(char *s, char *t, size_t s_len, size_t t_len)
{
  php_strtolower(s, s_len);
  php_strtolower(t, t_len);
  return php_memnstr(s, t, t_len, s + s_len);
}