/// <summary>
 /// 抽象类
 /// </summary>
 public abstract class AbstractClass
 {
  // 一些抽象行为，放到子类去实现
  public abstract void PrimitiveOperation1();
  public abstract void PrimitiveOperation2();

  /// <summary>
  /// 模板方法，给出了逻辑的骨架，而逻辑的组成是一些相应的抽象操作，它们推迟到子类去实现。
  /// </summary>
  public void TemplateMethod()
  {
   PrimitiveOperation1();
   PrimitiveOperation2();
   Console.WriteLine("Done the method.");
  }
 }

 /// <summary>
 /// 具体类，实现了抽象类中的特定步骤
 /// </summary>
 public class ConcreteClassA : AbstractClass
 {
  /// <summary>
  /// 与ConcreteClassB中的实现逻辑不同
  /// </summary>
  public override void PrimitiveOperation1()
  {
   Console.WriteLine("Implement operation 1 in Concreate class A.");
  }

  /// <summary>
  /// 与ConcreteClassB中的实现逻辑不同
  /// </summary>
  public override void PrimitiveOperation2()
  {
   Console.WriteLine("Implement operation 2 in Concreate class A.");
  }
 }

 /// <summary>
 /// 具体类，实现了抽象类中的特定步骤
 /// </summary>
 public class ConcreteClassB : AbstractClass
 {
  /// <summary>
  /// 与ConcreteClassA中的实现逻辑不同
  /// </summary>
  public override void PrimitiveOperation1()
  {
   Console.WriteLine("Implement operation 1 in Concreate class B.");
  }

  /// <summary>
  /// 与ConcreteClassA中的实现逻辑不同
  /// </summary>
  public override void PrimitiveOperation2()
  {
   Console.WriteLine("Implement operation 2 in Concreate class B.");
  }
 }

 class Program
 {
  static void Main(string[] args)
  {
   // 声明抽象类
   AbstractClass c;

   // 用ConcreteClassA实例化c
   c = new ConcreteClassA();
   c.TemplateMethod();

   // 用ConcreteClassB实例化c
   c = new ConcreteClassB();
   c.TemplateMethod();

   Console.Read();
  }
 }

 /// <summary>
 /// 抽象类，定义冒泡排序的骨架
 /// </summary>
 public abstract class BubbleSorter
 {
  private int operations = 0;
  protected int length = 0;

  /// <summary>
  /// 冒泡排序算法
  /// </summary>
  /// <returns></returns>
  protected int DoSort()
  {
   operations = 0;
   if (length <= 1)
   {
    return operations;
   }

   for (int nextToLast = length - 2; nextToLast >= 0; nextToLast--)
   {
    for (int index = 0; index <= nextToLast; index++)
    {
     if (OutOfOrder(index))
     {
      Swap(index);
     }

     operations++;
    }
   }

   return operations;
  }

  /// <summary>
  /// 留给子类实现的交换位置方法
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="index"></param>
  protected abstract void Swap(int index);
  /// <summary>
  /// 留给子类实现的比较方法
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="index"></param>
  /// <returns></returns>
  protected abstract bool OutOfOrder(int index);
 }

 /// <summary>
 /// 整型类型的冒泡算法实现
 /// </summary>
 public class IntBubbleSorter:BubbleSorter
 {
  private int[] array = null;

  /// <summary>
  /// 用冒泡算法排序
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="theArray"></param>
  /// <returns></returns>
  public int Sort(int[] theArray)
  {
   array = theArray;
   length = array.Length;
   // 调用冒泡算法
   return DoSort();
  }

  /// <summary>
  /// 实现冒泡算法中的交换操作
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="index"></param>
  protected override void Swap(int index)
  {
   int temp = array[index];
   array[index] = array[index + 1];
   array[index + 1] = temp;
  }

  /// <summary>
  /// 实现冒泡算法中的比较操作
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="index"></param>
  /// <returns></returns>
  protected override bool OutOfOrder(int index)
  {
   return (array[index] > array[index + 1]);
  }
 }

 /// <summary>
 /// 浮点数类型的冒泡算法
 /// </summary>
 public class FloatBubbleSorter:BubbleSorter
 {
  private float[] array = null;

  /// <summary>
  /// 用冒泡算法排序
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="theArray"></param>
  /// <returns></returns>
  public int Sort(float[] theArray)
  {
   array = theArray;
   length = array.Length;
   // 调用冒泡算法
   return DoSort();
  }

  /// <summary>
  /// 实现冒泡算法中的交换操作
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="index"></param>
  protected override void Swap(int index)
  {
   float temp = array[index];
   array[index] = array[index + 1];
   array[index + 1] = temp;
  }

  /// <summary>
  /// 实现冒泡算法中的比较操作
  /// </summary>
  /// <param name="index"></param>
  /// <returns></returns>
  protected override bool OutOfOrder(int index)
  {
   return (array[index] > array[index + 1]);
  }
 }

 class Program
 {
  static void Main(string[] args)
  {

   // 对整型数组排序
   int[] intArray = new int[]{5, 3, 12, 8, 10};
   BubbleSorter.IntBubbleSorter sorter = new BubbleSorter.IntBubbleSorter();
   sorter.Sort(intArray);
   foreach (int item in intArray)
   {
    Console.Write(item+" ");
   }

   Console.WriteLine("");

   // 对浮点数排序
   float[] floatArray = new float[] { 5.0f, 3.0f, 12.0f, 8.0f, 10.0f };
   BubbleSorter.FloatBubbleSorter floatSorter = new BubbleSorter.FloatBubbleSorter();
   floatSorter.Sort(floatArray);
   foreach (float item in floatArray)
   {
    Console.Write(item + " ");
   }

   Console.Read();
  }
 }