declare @t table
(StudentName nvarchar(20),
 Subject nvarchar(20),
 Score int)
 
Insert into @t (StudentName,Subject,Score) values ( '学生A', '中文', 80 );  
Insert into @t (StudentName,Subject,Score) values ( '学生A', '数学', 78 );  
Insert into @t (StudentName,Subject,Score) values ( '学生A', '英语', 92 );  
Insert into @t (StudentName,Subject,Score) values ( '学生B', '中文', 89 );  
Insert into @t (StudentName,Subject,Score) values ( '学生B', '数学', 87 );  
Insert into @t (StudentName,Subject,Score) values ( '学生B', '英语', 75 );  
Insert into @t (StudentName,Subject,Score) values ( '学生C', '中文', 92 );  
Insert into @t (StudentName,Subject,Score) values ( '学生C', '数学', 74 );  
Insert into @t (StudentName,Subject,Score) values ( '学生C', '英语', 65 );  
Insert into @t (StudentName,Subject,Score) values ( '学生D', '中文', 79 );  
Insert into @t (StudentName,Subject,Score) values ( '学生D', '数学', 83 );  
Insert into @t (StudentName,Subject,Score) values ( '学生D', '英语', 81 );  
Insert into @t (StudentName,Subject,Score) values ( '学生E', '中文', 73 );  
Insert into @t (StudentName,Subject,Score) values ( '学生E', '数学', 84 );  
Insert into @t (StudentName,Subject,Score) values ( '学生E', '英语', 93 );  
Insert into @t (StudentName,Subject,Score) values ( '学生F', '中文', 79 );  
Insert into @t (StudentName,Subject,Score) values ( '学生F', '数学', 86 );  
Insert into @t (StudentName,Subject,Score) values ( '学生F', '英语', 84 ); 
 
select StudentName,
    sum(case when Subject = N'中文' then Score else 0 end) Chinese,
    sum(case when Subject = N'数学' then Score else 0 end) Math,
    sum(case when Subject = N'英语' then Score else 0 end) Engilsh
 from @t
 group by StudentName

select StudentName,
    [中文] Chinese,
    [数学] Math,
    [英语] English
 from
(select * from @t) t1
pivot (sum(Score) for Subject in([中文],[英语],[数学])) t2

select StudentName,
    Subject,
    Score
 from
(select * from @t) t1
pivot (sum(Score) for Subject in([中文],[英语],[数学])) t2
unpivot (Score for Subject in([中文],[英语],[数学])) t3