#include <pthread.h>
int pthread_create(pthread_t *thread, const pthread_attr_t *attr, void *(*start_routine)(void *), void *arg);

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <unistd.h>

pthread_t ntid;

void printids(const void *t)
{
    char *s = (char *)t;
  pid_t   pid;
  pthread_t tid;

  pid = getpid();
  tid = pthread_self();
  printf("%s pid %u tid %u (0x%x)\n", s, (unsigned int)pid,
      (unsigned int)tid, (unsigned int)tid);
}

void *thr_fn(void *arg)
{
  printids(arg);
  return NULL;
}

int main(void)
{
  int err;

  err = pthread_create(&ntid, NULL, thr_fn, (void *)"Child Process:");
  if (err != 0) {
    fprintf(stderr, "can't create thread: %s\n", strerror(err));
    exit(1);
  }
  printids("main thread:");
  sleep(1);

  return 0;
}

g++ thread.cpp -o thread -lpthread
./thread
main thread: pid 21046 tid 3612727104 (0xd755d740)
Child Process: pid 21046 tid 3604444928 (0xd6d77700)

#include <pthread.h>

void pthread_exit(void *value_ptr);

#include <pthread.h>

int pthread_join(pthread_t thread, void **value_ptr);

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <unistd.h>

void* thread_function_1(void *arg)
{
  printf("thread 1 running\n");
  return (void *)1;
}

void* thread_function_2(void *arg)
{
  printf("thread 2 exiting\n");
  pthread_exit((void *) 2);
}

void* thread_function_3(void* arg)
{
  while (1) {
    printf("thread 3 writeing\n");
    sleep(1);
  }
}


int main(void)
{
  pthread_t tid;
  void *tret;

  pthread_create(&tid, NULL, thread_function_1, NULL);
  pthread_join(tid, &tret);
  printf("thread 1 exit code %d\n", *((int*) (&tret)));

  pthread_create(&tid, NULL, thread_function_2, NULL);
  pthread_join(tid, &tret);
  printf("thread 2 exit code %d\n", *((int*) (&tret)));

  pthread_create(&tid, NULL, thread_function_3, NULL);
  sleep(3);
  pthread_cancel(tid);
  pthread_join(tid, &tret);
  printf("thread 3 exit code %d\n", *((int*) (&tret)));

  return 0;
}

thread 1 running
thread 1 exit code 1
thread 2 exiting
thread 2 exit code 2
thread 3 writeing
thread 3 writeing
thread 3 writeing
thread 3 exit code -1

#define PTHREAD_CANCELED ((void *) -1)

#include <pthread.h>

int pthread_mutex_destory(pthread_mutex_t *mutex);
int pthread_mutex_int(pthread_mutex_t *mutex, const pthread_mutexattr_t *attr);
pthread_mutex_t mutex = PTHEAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;

#include <pthread.h>

int pthread_mutex_lock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex);
int pthread_mutex_trylock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex);
int pthread_mutex_unlock(pthread_mutex_t *mutex);

#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#define NLOOP 5000

int counter;
pthread_mutex_t counter_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;

void *do_add_process(void *vptr)
{
  int i, val;

  for (i = 0; i < NLOOP; i ++) {
    pthread_mutex_lock(&counter_mutex);
    val = counter;
    printf("%x:%d\n", (unsigned int)pthread_self(), val + 1);
    counter = val + 1;
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&counter_mutex);
  }

  return NULL;
}

int main()
{
  pthread_t tida, tidb;

  pthread_create(&tida, NULL, do_add_process, NULL);
  pthread_create(&tidb, NULL, do_add_process, NULL);

  pthread_join(tida, NULL);
  pthread_join(tidb, NULL);

  return 0;
}

#include <pthread.h>

int pthread_cond_destory(pthread_cond_t *cond);
int pthread_cond_init(pthead_cond_t *cond, const pthread_condattr_t *attr);
pthread_cond_t cond = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;

#include <pthread.h>

int pthread_cond_timedwait(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t *mutex, const struct timespec *abstime);
int pthread_cond_wait(pthread_cond_t *cond, pthread_mutex_t *mutex);
int pthread_cond_broadcast(pthread_cond_t *cond);
int pthread_cond_signal(pthread_cond_t *cond);

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <unistd.h>

struct msg {
  struct msg *next;
  int num;
};

struct msg *head;
pthread_cond_t has_product = PTHREAD_COND_INITIALIZER;
pthread_mutex_t lock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;

void* consumer(void *p)
{
  struct msg *mp;

  for(;;) {
    pthread_mutex_lock(&lock);
    while (head == NULL) {
      pthread_cond_wait(&has_product, &lock);
    }
    mp = head;
    head = mp->next;
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&lock);
    printf("Consume %d\n", mp->num);
    free(mp);
    sleep(rand() % 5);
  }
}

void* producer(void *p)
{
  struct msg *mp;

  for(;;) {
    mp = (struct msg *)malloc(sizeof(*mp));
    pthread_mutex_lock(&lock);
    mp->next = head;
    mp->num = rand() % 1000;
    head = mp;
    printf("Product %d\n", mp->num);
    pthread_mutex_unlock(&lock);
    pthread_cond_signal(&has_product);
    sleep(rand() % 5);
  }
}

int main()
{
  pthread_t pid, cid;
  srand(time(NULL));

  pthread_create(&pid, NULL, producer, NULL);
  pthread_create(&cid, NULL, consumer, NULL);

  pthread_join(pid, NULL);
  pthread_join(cid, NULL);

  return 0;
}