<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
   xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
  <item
    android:id="@+id/menu_pic"
    android:title="严振杰的博客"
    app:showAsAction="always" />
</menu>

public class BadgeActionProvider extends ActionProvider {
  public BadgeActionProvider(Context context) {
    super(context);
  }

  @Override
  public View onCreateActionView() {
    return view;
  }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  android:layout_width="wrap_content"
  android:layout_height="match_parent"
  android:background="?actionBarItemBackground">

  <ImageView
    android:id="@+id/iv_icon"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:layout_centerInParent="true"
    android:scaleType="center" />

  <TextView
    android:id="@+id/tv_badge"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:layout_alignParentEnd="true"
    android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
    android:layout_margin="2dp"
    android:background="@drawable/circle_red"
    android:gravity="center"
    android:text="0"
    android:textColor="@android:color/white"
    android:textSize="12sp" />

</RelativeLayout>

public class BadgeActionProvider extends ActionProvider {

  private ImageView mIvIcon;
  private TextView mTvBadge;

  // 用来记录是哪个View的点击，这样外部可以用一个Listener接受多个menu的点击。
  private int clickWhat;
  private OnClickListener onClickListener;

  public BadgeActionProvider(Context context) {
    super(context);
  }

  @Override
  public View onCreateActionView() {
    int size = getContext().getResources().getDimensionPixelSize(
    android.support.design.R.dimen.abc_action_bar_default_height_material);

    ViewGroup.LayoutParams layoutParams = new ViewGroup.LayoutParams(size, size);
    View view = LayoutInflater.from(getContext())
    .inflate(R.layout.menu_badge_provider, null, false);

    view.setLayoutParams(layoutParams);
    mIvIcon = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.iv_icon);
    mTvBadge = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_badge);
    view.setOnClickListener(onViewClickListener);
    return view;
  }

  // 点击处理。
  private View.OnClickListener onViewClickListener = new View.OnClickListener() {
    @Override
    public void onClick(View v) {
      if (onClickListener != null)
        onClickListener.onClick(clickWhat);
    }
  };

  // 外部设置监听。
  public void setOnClickListener(int what, OnClickListener onClickListener) {
    this.clickWhat = what;
    this.onClickListener = onClickListener;
  }

  public interface OnClickListener {
    void onClick(int what);
  }
}

// 设置图标。
public void setIcon(@DrawableRes int icon) {
  mIvIcon.setImageResource(icon);
}

// 设置显示的数字。
public void setBadge(int i) {
  mTvBadge.setText(Integer.toString(i));
}

// 设置文字。
public void setTextInt(@StringRes int i) {
  mTvBadge.setText(i);
}

// 设置显示的文字。
public void setText(CharSequence i) {
  mTvBadge.setText(i);
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<menu xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto">
  <item
    android:id="@+id/menu_pic"
    android:title="严振杰的博客"
    app:actionProviderClass="com.yanzhenjie.BadgeActionProvider"
    app:showAsAction="always" />
</menu>

private BadgeActionProvider mActionProvider;

@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
  getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);

  MenuItem menuItem = menu.findItem(R.id.menu_delete);
  mActionProvider = (BadgeActionProvider) MenuItemCompat.getActionProvider(menuItem);
  mActionProvider.setOnClickListener(0, onClickListener);// 设置点击监听。
  return true;
}

@Override
public void onWindowFocusChanged(boolean hasFocus) {
  super.onWindowFocusChanged(hasFocus);
  mActionProvider.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_action_delete_small);
  mActionProvider.setIcon(R.mipmap.ic_action_picture);
}