import os print(os.getcwd()) os.chdir('C:\Python33\HeadFirstPython\hfpy_code\chapter6')  #将工作空间修改为文件所在的目录 #定义函数get_filedata从文件中取值 def get_filedata(filename):     try:         with open(filename)  as f:        #with语句打开和自动关闭文件             data=f.readline()                 #从文件中逐行读取字符             data_list=data.strip().split(',')   #将字符间的空格清除后，用逗号分隔字符             return({                     "name" : data_list.pop(0),                     "date_of_birth" : data_list.pop(0),                     "times" : str(sorted(set([modify_time_format(s) for s in data_list]))[0:3])                     })                                #使用字典将关联的姓名，出生年月，时间键和值进行存储并返回     except IOError as ioerr:         print ('File Error' + str(ioerr))     #异常处理，打印错误         return (None) #定义函数modify_time_format将所有文件中的时分表达方式统一为“分.秒” def modify_time_format(time_string):     if "-" in time_string:         splitter="-"     elif ":" in time_string:         splitter=":"     else:         splitter="."     (mins, secs)=time_string.split(splitter) #用分隔符splitter分隔字符后分别存入mins和secs     return (mins+ '.' +secs) #定义函数get_prev_three返回文件中排名前三的不重复的时间成绩 def get_prev_three(filename):     new_list=[modify_time_format(each_t) for each_t in get_filedata(filename)]   #采用列表推导将统一时分表达方式后的记录生成新的列表     delete_repetition=set(new_list)                                                                     #采用集合set函数删除新列表中重复项，并生成新的集合     in_order=sorted(delete_repetition)                                                               #采用复制排序sorted函数对无重复性的新集合进行排序     return (in_order[0:3])      #输出james的排名前三的不重复成绩和出生年月 james = get_filedata('james2.txt') print (james["name"]+"'s fastest times are: " + james["times"]) print (james["name"] + "'s birthday is: "  + james["date_of_birth"]) #输出julie的排名前三的不重复成绩和出生年月 julie = get_filedata('julie2.txt') print (julie["name"]+"'s fastest times are: " + julie["times"]) print (julie["name"] + "'s birthday is: "  + julie["date_of_birth"]) #输出mikey的排名前三的不重复成绩和出生年月 mikey = get_filedata('mikey2.txt') print (mikey["name"]+"'s fastest times are: " + mikey["times"]) print (mikey["name"] + "'s birthday is: "  + mikey["date_of_birth"]) #输出sarah的排名前三的不重复成绩和出生年月 sarah = get_filedata('sarah2.txt') print (sarah["name"]+"'s fastest times are: " + sarah["times"]) print (sarah["name"] + "'s birthday is: "  + sarah["date_of_birth"])

import os print(os.getcwd()) os.chdir('C:\Python33\HeadFirstPython\hfpy_code\chapter6')  #将工作空间修改为文件所在的目录 #定义类AthleteList继承python内置的list class AthleteList(list):     def __init__(self, name, dob=None, times=[]):         list.__init__([])         self.name=name         self.dob=dob         self.extend(times)     def get_prev_three(self):         return (sorted(set([modify_time_format(t) for t in self]))[0:3]) def get_filedata(filename):     try:         with open(filename)  as f:        #with语句打开和自动关闭文件             data=f.readline()                 #从文件中逐行读取字符             data_list=data.strip().split(',')   #将字符间的空格清除后，用逗号分隔字符             return(                    AthleteList(data_list.pop(0), data_list.pop(0), data_list)                    )                                #使用字典将关联的姓名，出生年月，时间键和值进行存储并返回     except IOError as ioerr:         print ('File Error' + str(ioerr))     #异常处理，打印错误         return (None) def modify_time_format(time_string):     if "-" in time_string:         splitter="-"     elif ":" in time_string:         splitter=":"     else:         splitter="."     (mins, secs)=time_string.split(splitter) #用分隔符splitter分隔字符后分别存入mins和secs     return (mins+ '.' +secs) james = get_filedata('james2.txt') print (james.name+"'s fastest times are: " + str(james.get_prev_three())) julie = get_filedata('julie2.txt') print (julie.name+"'s fastest times are: " + str(julie.get_prev_three())) mikey = get_filedata('mikey2.txt') print (mikey.name+"'s fastest times are: " + str(mikey.get_prev_three())) sarah = get_filedata('sarah2.txt') print (sarah.name+"'s fastest times are: " + str(sarah.get_prev_three()))