public static double getDistance2(double long1, double lat1, double long2, double lat2) {
 lat1 = rad(lat1);
 lat2 = rad(lat2);
 double a = lat1 - lat2;
 double b = rad(long1 - long2);
 double sa2 = Math.sin(a / 2.0);
 double sb2 = Math.sin(b / 2.0);
 return 2 * EARTH_MEAN_RADIUS_KM * Math.asin(Math.sqrt(sa2 * sa2 + Math.cos(lat1) * Math.cos(lat2) * sb2 * sb2));
}

CREATE TABLE station
(
 id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
 name VARCHAR(20) NULL COMMENT '地铁站名',
 lng DOUBLE NULL COMMENT '经度',
 lat DOUBLE NULL COMMENT '维度'
);

SET @targetLat = 31.175702;
SET @targetLng = 121.519095;
SELECT
 s.id ,
 s.name ,
 s.lng ,
 s.lat ,
 ROUND(
 6378.138 * 2 * ASIN(
  SQRT(
  POW(
   SIN( ( @targetLat * PI() / 180 - s.lat * PI() / 180 ) / 2 ) , 2 )
  +
  COS( @targetLat * PI( ) / 180 ) * COS( s.lat * PI( ) / 180 )
  * POW( SIN( ( @targetLng * PI() / 180 - s.lng * PI() / 180 ) / 2 ) , 2 )
  )
 ) * 1000
 ) AS distance
FROM station s
ORDER BY distance ASC , s.id
LIMIT 20;

SET @targetLat = 31.175702;
SET @targetLng = 121.519095;
SET @cityId=605;
SELECT
 s.id ,
 s.name ,
 s.lng ,
 s.lat ,
 ROUND(
 6378.138 * 2 * ASIN(
  SQRT(
  POW(
   SIN( ( @targetLat * PI() / 180 - s.lat * PI() / 180 ) / 2 ) , 2 )
  +
  COS( @targetLat * PI( ) / 180 ) * COS( s.lat * PI( ) / 180 )
  * POW( SIN( ( @targetLng * PI() / 180 - s.lng * PI() / 180 ) / 2 ) , 2 )
  )
 ) * 1000
 ) AS distance
FROM station s
where city_id=@cityId # 先将待计算的数据过滤的一部分
ORDER BY distance ASC , s.id
LIMIT 20;

/**
 * 获取距离指定经纬度的点{@code radius} KM 的外接四边形(严格来说应该是外接立方体)四个顶点的经纬度
 *
 * @param lng 经度
 * @param lat 纬度
 * @param radius 半径,单位:KM
 * @return <lng1,lng2,lat1,lat2>
 */
public static Tuple4<Double> calcBoxByDistFromPt(double lng, double lat, double radius) {
 SpatialContext context = SpatialContext.GEO;
 Rectangle rectangle = context.getDistCalc()//
  .calcBoxByDistFromPt(//
   context.makePoint(lng, lat), //
   radius * com.spatial4j.core.distance.DistanceUtils.KM_TO_DEG, context, null//
  );
 return new Tuple4<>(rectangle.getMinX(), rectangle.getMaxX(), rectangle.getMinY(), rectangle.getMaxY());
}

<dependency>
 <groupId>com.spatial4j</groupId>
 <artifactId>spatial4j</artifactId>
 <version>0.5</version>
</dependency>

SET @targetLat = 31.175702;
SET @targetLng = 121.519095;
SELECT
 s.id ,
 s.name ,
 s.lng ,
 s.lat ,
 ROUND(
 6378.138 * 2 * ASIN(
  SQRT(
  POW(
   SIN( ( @targetLat * PI() / 180 - s.lat * PI() / 180 ) / 2 ) , 2 )
  +
  COS( @targetLat * PI( ) / 180 ) * COS( s.lat * PI( ) / 180 )
  * POW( SIN( ( @targetLng * PI() / 180 - s.lng * PI() / 180 ) / 2 ) , 2 )
  )
 ) * 1000
 ) AS distance
FROM station s
WHERE
 ( s.lng BETWEEN ${lng1} AND ${lng2} )
 AND ( s.lat BETWEEN ${lat1} AND ${lat2} )
ORDER BY distance ASC , s.id
LIMIT 20;