Connectionconn =RabbitMQConnectionUtil.getRabbitmqConnection();//创建连接 
    Channelchannel = conn.createChannel();//创建channel 
    Map<String,Object> arg = newHashMap<String, Object>();  
    arg.put("x-max-priority",10); //队列的属性参数 有10个优先级别 
    // 声明（创建）队列 
    //channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null); 
    channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME,true,false, false, arg); 
    // 消息内容 
    String message ="Hello World!"; 
    channel.basicPublish("",QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes()); 
    BasicPropertiesprop =new BasicProperties(null, null, null, null, 1, 
    null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null,null);//消息的参数，声明该消息的优先级是1 
    channel.basicPublish("",QUEUE_NAME, prop, message.getBytes()); //消息发布 
    System.out.println("[x] Sent '" + message + "'"); 
    //关闭通道和连接 
    channel.close(); 
    conn.close(); 

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
  xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"  
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit 
  http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.0.xsd" > 
  <description>rabbitmq 连接服务配置</description> 
  <!-- 连接配置 --> 
  <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" host="${rabbit.ip}" username="${rabbit.username}"  
  password="${rabbit.password}" port="${rabbit.port}" virtual-host="${rabbit.vhost}"/> 
  <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory"/> 
  <rabbit:template id="amqpTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory" /> 
  <!-- spring template声明--> 
  <!-- 声明一个队列 --> 
  <rabbit:queue id="test_queue_key" name="test_queue_key" durable="true" auto-delete="false" exclusive="false"> 
   <rabbit:queue-arguments> 
    <entry key="x-max-priority"> 
      <value type="java.lang.Integer">10</value>//这个地方一定是integer的，别的不好使！！ 
    </entry> 
   </rabbit:queue-arguments> 
  </rabbit:queue> 
  <!-- 监听配置queues：监听的队列，多个的话用逗号（,）分隔 ref：监听器--> 
  <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" acknowledge="auto"> 
    <rabbit:listener queue-names="test_queue_key" ref="queueListenter" method="onMessage"/> 
  </rabbit:listener-container> 
<bean id="queueListenter" class="com.DF.spring.springAMQP.QueueListener" /> 

AbstractApplicationContext ctx = new  
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("classpath:/spring/rabbitmq-contextDemo2.xml"); 
RabbitTemplate amqpTemplate = ctx.getBean(RabbitTemplate.class); 
 Random random = new Random(); 
  for (int i=0; i< 1000; i++){ 
    final int priority = random.nextInt(10 - 1 + 1) + 1;//随机的优先级 
    amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("test_queue_key", (Object)("hello world"), new MessagePostProcessor() { 
     @Override 
     public Message postProcessMessage(Message message) throws AmqpException { 
      message.getMessageProperties().setPriority(priority); 
      return message; 
     } 
    }); 
  } 

public class QueueListener implements MessageListener{ 
 @Override 
 public void onMessage(Message message) { 
  try{ 
   System.out.print("[x] 接收到的消息："+new String(message.getBody(),"utf-8")+"&&&"+"优先级"+message.getMessageProperties().getPrority()); 
   Thread.sleep(1000); 
  }catch(Exception e){ 
   e.printStackTrace(); 
  } 
 } 
}