for(var i=1; i<20; i++){
var num=i%6;
db.test.insert({_id:i,name:"user_"+i,age:num});
}

db.test.group({
            key:{age:true},
            initial:{num:0},
            $reduce:function(doc,prev){
               prev.num++
            }
           });

db.runCommand({group:
{
ns:"test",
key:{age:true},
initial:{num:0},
$reduce:function(doc,prev)
{
prev.num++
}
}
});

db.test.group({
key:{age:true},
initial:{num:0},
$reduce:function(doc,prev)
{
prev.num++
},
condition:{age:{$gt:2}}
});

db.runCommand({group:
{
ns:"test",
key:{age:true},
initial:{num:0},
$reduce:function(doc,prev)
{
prev.num++},
condition:{age:{$gt:2}}
}
});

db.test.find({$where:function(){
return this.age>2;
}
});

db.test.group({
key:{age:true},
initial:{num:0},
$reduce:function(doc,prev){
prev.num++
},
condition:{$where:function(){
return this.age>2;
}
}
});

//注意，$keyf指定的函数一定要返回一个对象
db.test.group({
$keyf:function(doc){return {age:doc.age};},
initial:{num:0},
$reduce:function(doc,prev){
prev.num++
}
});

db.runCommand({group:
{
ns:"test",
$keyf:function(doc){return {age:doc.age};},
initial:{num:0},
$reduce:function(doc,prev){
prev.num++}
}
});

db.test.group({
$keyf:function(doc){return {age:doc.age};},
initial:{num:0},
$reduce:function(doc,prev){
prev.num++
},
finalize: function(doc){ doc.count=doc.num;delete doc.num; }
});

db.runCommand({group:
{
ns:"test",
$keyf:function(doc){return {age:doc.age};},
initial:{num:0},
$reduce:function(doc,prev){
prev.num++},
finalize: function(doc){ doc.count=doc.num;delete doc.num; }
}
});

//首先插入测试数据
for(var i=1;i<21;i++)
{
db.test.insert({_id:i,name:'mm'+i});
}
//进行mapreduce
db.runCommand(
{
mapreduce:'test',
map:function(){emit(this.name.substr(0,3),this);},
reduce:function(key,vals){return vals[0];}, //注意：vals是一个Object对象而不是数组
out:'wq'
});

db.runCommand(
{
mapreduce:'test',
map:function(){emit(this.name.substr(0,3),this);},
reduce:function(key,vals){return 'wq';},
out:'wq'
});

db.wq.find()

{ "_id" : "mm1", "value" : "wq" }
{ "_id" : "mm2", "value" : "wq" }
{ "_id" : "mm3", "value" : { "_id" : 3, "name" : "mm3" } }
{ "_id" : "mm4", "value" : { "_id" : 4, "name" : "mm4" } }
{ "_id" : "mm5", "value" : { "_id" : 5, "name" : "mm5" } }
{ "_id" : "mm6", "value" : { "_id" : 6, "name" : "mm6" } }
{ "_id" : "mm7", "value" : { "_id" : 7, "name" : "mm7" } }
{ "_id" : "mm8", "value" : { "_id" : 8, "name" : "mm8" } }
{ "_id" : "mm9", "value" : { "_id" : 9, "name" : "mm9" } }