class SomeComponent {
  /**
   * The instantiation of the connection is hardcoded inside
   * the component so is difficult to replace it externally
   * or change its behavior
   */
  public function someDbTask()
  {
    $connection = new Connection(array(
      "host" => "localhost",
      "username" => "root",
      "password" => "secret",
      "dbname" => "invo"
    ));
    // ...
  }
}
$some = new SomeComponent();
$some->someDbTask();

class SomeComponent {
  protected $_connection;
  /**
   * Sets the connection externally
   */
  public function setConnection($connection)
  {
    $this->_connection = $connection;
  }
  public function someDbTask()
  {
    $connection = $this->_connection;
    // ...
  }
}
$some = new SomeComponent();
//Create the connection
$connection = new Connection(array(
  "host" => "localhost",
  "username" => "root",
  "password" => "secret",
  "dbname" => "invo"
));
//Inject the connection in the component
$some->setConnection($connection);
$some->someDbTask();

class Registry
{
  /**
   * Returns the connection
   */
  public static function getConnection()
  {
    return new Connection(array(
      "host" => "localhost",
      "username" => "root",
      "password" => "secret",
      "dbname" => "invo"
    ));
  }
}
class SomeComponent
{
  protected $_connection;
  /**
   * Sets the connection externally
   */
  public function setConnection($connection){
    $this->_connection = $connection;
  }
  public function someDbTask()
  {
    $connection = $this->_connection;
    // ...
  }
}
$some = new SomeComponent();
//Pass the connection defined in the registry
$some->setConnection(Registry::getConnection());
$some->someDbTask();

class Registry
{
  protected static $_connection;
  /**
   * Creates a connection
   */
  protected static function _createConnection()
  {
    return new Connection(array(
      "host" => "localhost",
      "username" => "root",
      "password" => "secret",
      "dbname" => "invo"
    ));
  }
  /**
   * Creates a connection only once and returns it
   */
  public static function getSharedConnection()
  {
    if (self::$_connection===null){
      $connection = self::_createConnection();
      self::$_connection = $connection;
    }
    return self::$_connection;
  }
  /**
   * Always returns a new connection
   */
  public static function getNewConnection()
  {
    return self::_createConnection();
  }
}
class SomeComponent
{
  protected $_connection;
  /**
   * Sets the connection externally
   */
  public function setConnection($connection){
    $this->_connection = $connection;
  }
  /**
   * This method always needs the shared connection
   */
  public function someDbTask()
  {
    $connection = $this->_connection;
    // ...
  }
  /**
   * This method always needs a new connection
   */
  public function someOtherDbTask($connection)
  {
  }
}
$some = new SomeComponent();
//This injects the shared connection
$some->setConnection(Registry::getSharedConnection());
$some->someDbTask();
//Here, we always pass a new connection as parameter
$some->someOtherDbTask(Registry::getConnection());

//Create the dependencies or retrieve them from the registry
$connection = new Connection();
$session = new Session();
$fileSystem = new FileSystem();
$filter = new Filter();
$selector = new Selector();
//Pass them as constructor parameters
$some = new SomeComponent($connection, $session, $fileSystem, $filter, $selector);
// ... or using setters
$some->setConnection($connection);
$some->setSession($session);
$some->setFileSystem($fileSystem);
$some->setFilter($filter);
$some->setSelector($selector);

class SomeComponent
{
  // ...
  /**
   * Define a factory method to create SomeComponent instances injecting its dependencies
   */
  public static function factory()
  {
    $connection = new Connection();
    $session = new Session();
    $fileSystem = new FileSystem();
    $filter = new Filter();
    $selector = new Selector();
    return new self($connection, $session, $fileSystem, $filter, $selector);
  }
}

class SomeComponent
{
  protected $_di;
  public function __construct($di)
  {
    $this->_di = $di;
  }
  public function someDbTask()
  {
    // Get the connection service
    // Always returns a new connection
    $connection = $this->_di->get('db');
  }
  public function someOtherDbTask()
  {
    // Get a shared connection service,
    // this will return the same connection everytime
    $connection = $this->_di->getShared('db');
    //This method also requires a input filtering service
    $filter = $this->_db->get('filter');
  }
}
$di = new Phalcon\DI();
//Register a "db" service in the container
$di->set('db', function(){
  return new Connection(array(
    "host" => "localhost",
    "username" => "root",
    "password" => "secret",
    "dbname" => "invo"
  ));
});
//Register a "filter" service in the container
$di->set('filter', function(){
  return new Filter();
});
//Register a "session" service in the container
$di->set('session', function(){
  return new Session();
});
//Pass the service container as unique parameter
$some = new SomeComponent($di);
$some->someTask();

//Create the Dependency Injector Container
$di = new Phalcon\DI();
//By its class name
$di->set("request", 'Phalcon\Http\Request');
//Using an anonymous function, the instance will lazy loaded
$di->set("request", function(){
  return new Phalcon\Http\Request();
});
//Registering directly an instance
$di->set("request", new Phalcon\Http\Request());
//Using an array definition
$di->set("request", array(
  "className" => 'Phalcon\Http\Request'
));

//Register a service "db" with a class name and its parameters
$di->set("db", array(
  "className" => "Phalcon\Db\Adapter\Pdo\Mysql",
  "parameters" => array(
     "parameter" => array(
        "host" => "localhost",
        "username" => "root",
        "password" => "secret",
        "dbname" => "blog"
     )
  )
));
//Using an anonymous function
$di->set("db", function(){
  return new Phalcon\Db\Adapter\Pdo\Mysql(array(
     "host" => "localhost",
     "username" => "root",
     "password" => "secret",
     "dbname" => "blog"
  ));
});

$di->setParameter("db", 0, array(
  "host" => "localhost",
  "username" => "root",
  "password" => "secret"
));

$request = $di->get("request");

$request = $di->getRequest();

$request = $di->getShared("request");

$component = $di->get("MyComponent", array("some-parameter", "other"));