| I/O | NIO |
|---|---|
| 面向流 | 面向缓冲 |
| 阻塞 IO | 非阻塞 IO |
| 无 | 选择器 |
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
public class NIOScatteringandGathering {
public void createFiles(String TPATH){
try {
ByteBuffer bookBuf = ByteBuffer.wrap("java 性能优化技巧".getBytes("utf-8"));
ByteBuffer autBuf = ByteBuffer.wrap("test".getBytes("utf-8"));
int booklen = bookBuf.limit();
int autlen = autBuf.limit();
ByteBuffer[] bufs = new ByteBuffer[]{bookBuf,autBuf};
File file = new File(TPATH);
if(!file.exists()){
try {
file.createNewFile();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
try {
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
FileChannel fc = fos.getChannel();
fc.write(bufs);
fos.close();
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
ByteBuffer b1 = ByteBuffer.allocate(booklen);
ByteBuffer b2 = ByteBuffer.allocate(autlen);
ByteBuffer[] bufs1 = new ByteBuffer[]{b1,b2};
File file1 = new File(TPATH);
try {
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file);
FileChannel fc = fis.getChannel();
fc.read(bufs1);
String bookname = new String(bufs1[0].array(),"utf-8");
String autname = new String(bufs1[1].array(),"utf-8");
System.out.println(bookname+" "+autname);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args){
NIOScatteringandGathering nio = new NIOScatteringandGathering();
nio.createFiles("C://1.TXT");
}
}
java 性能优化技巧 test
import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.DataInputStream;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.IntBuffer;
import java.nio.MappedByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
public class NIOComparator {
public void IOMethod(String TPATH){
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
try {
DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(
new BufferedOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(new File(TPATH))));
for(int i=0;i<4000000;i++){
dos.writeInt(i);//写入 4000000 个整数
}
if(dos!=null){
dos.close();
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(end - start);
start = System.currentTimeMillis();
try {
DataInputStream dis = new DataInputStream(
new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(new File(TPATH))));
for(int i=0;i<4000000;i++){
dis.readInt();
}
if(dis!=null){
dis.close();
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(end - start);
}
public void ByteMethod(String TPATH){
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
try {
FileOutputStream fout = new FileOutputStream(new File(TPATH));
FileChannel fc = fout.getChannel();//得到文件通道
ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(4000000*4);//分配 Buffer
for(int i=0;i<4000000;i++){
byteBuffer.put(int2byte(i));//将整数转为数组
}
byteBuffer.flip();//准备写
fc.write(byteBuffer);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(end - start);
start = System.currentTimeMillis();
FileInputStream fin;
try {
fin = new FileInputStream(new File(TPATH));
FileChannel fc = fin.getChannel();//取得文件通道
ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(4000000*4);//分配 Buffer
fc.read(byteBuffer);//读取文件数据
fc.close();
byteBuffer.flip();//准备读取数据
while(byteBuffer.hasRemaining()){
byte2int(byteBuffer.get(),byteBuffer.get(),byteBuffer.get(),byteBuffer.get());//将 byte 转为整数
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(end - start);
}
public void mapMethod(String TPATH){
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
//将文件直接映射到内存的方法
try {
FileChannel fc = new RandomAccessFile(TPATH,"rw").getChannel();
IntBuffer ib = fc.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_WRITE, 0, 4000000*4).asIntBuffer();
for(int i=0;i<4000000;i++){
ib.put(i);
}
if(fc!=null){
fc.close();
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(end - start);
start = System.currentTimeMillis();
try {
FileChannel fc = new FileInputStream(TPATH).getChannel();
MappedByteBuffer lib = fc.map(FileChannel.MapMode.READ_ONLY, 0, fc.size());
lib.asIntBuffer();
while(lib.hasRemaining()){
lib.get();
}
if(fc!=null){
fc.close();
}
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(end - start);
}
public static byte[] int2byte(int res){
byte[] targets = new byte[4];
targets[3] = (byte)(res & 0xff);//最低位
targets[2] = (byte)((res>>8)&0xff);//次低位
targets[1] = (byte)((res>>16)&0xff);//次高位
targets[0] = (byte)((res>>>24));//最高位,无符号右移
return targets;
}
public static int byte2int(byte b1,byte b2,byte b3,byte b4){
return ((b1 & 0xff)<<24)|((b2 & 0xff)<<16)|((b3 & 0xff)<<8)|(b4 & 0xff);
}
public static void main(String[] args){
NIOComparator nio = new NIOComparator();
nio.IOMethod("c://1.txt");
nio.ByteMethod("c://2.txt");
nio.ByteMethod("c://3.txt");
}
}
1139 906 296 157 234 125
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
public class DirectBuffervsByteBuffer {
public void DirectBufferPerform(){
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(500);//分配 DirectBuffer
for(int i=0;i<100000;i++){
for(int j=0;j<99;j++){
bb.putInt(j);
}
bb.flip();
for(int j=0;j<99;j++){
bb.getInt(j);
}
}
bb.clear();
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(end-start);
start = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i=0;i<20000;i++){
ByteBuffer b = ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(10000);//创建 DirectBuffer
}
end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(end-start);
}
public void ByteBufferPerform(){
long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
ByteBuffer bb = ByteBuffer.allocate(500);//分配 DirectBuffer
for(int i=0;i<100000;i++){
for(int j=0;j<99;j++){
bb.putInt(j);
}
bb.flip();
for(int j=0;j<99;j++){
bb.getInt(j);
}
}
bb.clear();
long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(end-start);
start = System.currentTimeMillis();
for(int i=0;i<20000;i++){
ByteBuffer b = ByteBuffer.allocate(10000);//创建 ByteBuffer
}
end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println(end-start);
}
public static void main(String[] args){
DirectBuffervsByteBuffer db = new DirectBuffervsByteBuffer();
db.ByteBufferPerform();
db.DirectBufferPerform();
}
}
920 110 531 390
Error occurred during initialization of VM Too small initial heap for new size specified
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
public class monDirectBuffer {
public static void main(String[] args){
try {
Class c = Class.forName("java.nio.Bits");//通过反射取得私有数据
Field maxMemory = c.getDeclaredField("maxMemory");
maxMemory.setAccessible(true);
Field reservedMemory = c.getDeclaredField("reservedMemory");
reservedMemory.setAccessible(true);
synchronized(c){
Long maxMemoryValue = (Long)maxMemory.get(null);
Long reservedMemoryValue = (Long)reservedMemory.get(null);
System.out.println("maxMemoryValue="+maxMemoryValue);
System.out.println("reservedMemoryValue="+reservedMemoryValue);
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (SecurityException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
maxMemoryValue=67108864 reservedMemoryValue=0
java.nio.channels.AsynchronousChannel:标记一个 Channel 支持异步 IO 操作; java.nio.channels.AsynchronousServerSocketChannel:ServerSocket 的 AIO 版本,创建 TCP 服务端,绑定地址,监听端口等; java.nio.channels.AsynchronousSocketChannel:面向流的异步 Socket Channel,表示一个连接; java.nio.channels.AsynchronousChannelGroup:异步 Channel 的分组管理,目的是为了资源共享。一个 AsynchronousChannelGroup 绑定一个线程池,这个线程池执行两个任务:处理 IO 事件和派发 CompletionHandler。AsynchronousServerSocketChannel 创建的时候可以传入一个 AsynchronousChannelGroup,那么通过 AsynchronousServerSocketChannel 创建的 AsynchronousSocketChannel 将同属于一个组,共享资源; java.nio.channels.CompletionHandler:异步 IO 操作结果的回调接口,用于定义在 IO 操作完成后所作的回调工作。AIO 的 API 允许两种方式来处理异步操作的结果:返回的 Future 模式或者注册 CompletionHandler,推荐用 CompletionHandler 的方式,这些 handler 的调用是由 AsynchronousChannelGroup 的线程池派发的。这里线程池的大小是性能的关键因素。
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousServerSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.CompletionHandler;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
public class SimpleServer {
public SimpleServer(int port) throws IOException {
final AsynchronousServerSocketChannel listener =
AsynchronousServerSocketChannel.open().bind(new InetSocketAddress(port));
//监听消息,收到后启动 Handle 处理模块
listener.accept(null, new CompletionHandler<AsynchronousSocketChannel, Void>() {
public void completed(AsynchronousSocketChannel ch, Void att) {
listener.accept(null, this);// 接受下一个连接
handle(ch);// 处理当前连接
}
@Override
public void failed(Throwable exc, Void attachment) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
});
}
public void handle(AsynchronousSocketChannel ch) {
ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(32);//开一个 Buffer
try {
ch.read(byteBuffer).get();//读取输入
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
byteBuffer.flip();
System.out.println(byteBuffer.get());
// Do something
}
}
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousSocketChannel;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
public class SimpleClientClass {
private AsynchronousSocketChannel client;
public SimpleClientClass(String host, int port) throws IOException,
InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
this.client = AsynchronousSocketChannel.open();
Future<?> future = client.connect(new InetSocketAddress(host, port));
future.get();
}
public void write(byte b) {
ByteBuffer byteBuffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(32);
System.out.println("byteBuffer="+byteBuffer);
byteBuffer.put(b);//向 buffer 写入读取到的字符
byteBuffer.flip();
System.out.println("byteBuffer="+byteBuffer);
client.write(byteBuffer);
}
}
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import org.junit.Test;
public class AIODemoTest {
@Test
public void testServer() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
SimpleServer server = new SimpleServer(9021);
Thread.sleep(10000);//由于是异步操作,所以睡眠一定时间,以免程序很快结束
}
@Test
public void testClient() throws IOException, InterruptedException, ExecutionException {
SimpleClientClass client = new SimpleClientClass("localhost", 9021);
client.write((byte) 11);
}
public static void main(String[] args){
AIODemoTest demoTest = new AIODemoTest();
try {
demoTest.testServer();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
demoTest.testClient();
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (ExecutionException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
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