select empno,decode(empno,7369,'smith',7499,'allen',7521,'ward',7566,'jones','unknow') as name from emp where rownum<=10

7369 smith
7499 allen
7521 ward
7566 jones
7654 unknow
7698 unknow
7782 unknow
7788 unknow
7839 unknow
7844 unknow

select decode(sign(100-90),-1,100,90) from dual

90

select decode(sign(100-90),1,100,90) from dual

100

SELECT 
  ename,sal,
  DECODE(SIGN(sal - 5000),
      1,
      'high sal',
      0,
      'high sal',
      - 1,
      DECODE(SIGN(sal - 3000),
          1,
          'mid sal',
          0,
          'mid sal',
          - 1,
          DECODE(SIGN(sal - 1000),
              1,
              'low sal',
              0,
              'low sal',
              - 1,
              'low sal')))
FROM
  emp

SMITH  800  low sal
ALLEN 1600 low sal
WARD 1250 low sal
JONES 2975 low sal
MARTIN 1250 low sal
BLAKE  2850 low sal
CLARK 2450 low sal
SCOTT 3000 mid sal
KING 5000 high sal
TURNER 1500 low sal
ADAMS 1100 low sal
JAMES 950     low sal
FORD 3000 mid sal
MILLER 1300 low sal

SELECT 
    SUM(DECODE(ENAME,'SMITH',SAL,0)) SMITH,
    SUM(DECODE(ENAME,'ALLEN',SAL,0)) ALLEN,
    SUM(DECODE(ENAME,'WARD',SAL,0))  WARD,
    SUM(DECODE(ENAME,'JONES',SAL,0)) JONES,
    SUM(DECODE(ENAME,'MARTIN',SAL,0)) MARTIN FROM EMP

SMITH ALLEN WARD  JONES MARTIN
 800 1600  1250    2975    1250

SELECT 
  ENAME,
  SAL,
  DECODE(INSTR(ENAME, 'S'),
      0,
      '不含有s',
      '含有s') AS INFO
FROM
  EMP

SMITH 800      含有s
ALLEN 1600  不含有s
WARD 1250  不含有s
JONES 2975   含有s
MARTIN 1250   不含有s
BLAKE 2850   不含有s
CLARK 2450   不含有s
SCOTT 3000  含有s
KING 5000  不含有s
TURNER 1500  不含有s
ADAMS 1100  含有s
JAMES 950       含有s
FORD 3000  不含有s
MILLER 1300  不含有s

select sum(decode(siteno,'LT',1,0)),sum(decode(siteno,'SZ',1,0)) from facd605;

select sum(case siteno when 'LT' then 1 else 0 end),sum(case siteno when 'SZ' then 1 else 0 end) from facd605;