SELECT
 YEAR(OrderDate) AS OrderYear,
 COUNT(DISTINCT CustomerID) AS NumCusts
FROM dbo.Orders
GROUP BY OrderYear;

SELECT OrderYear, COUNT(DISTINCT CustomerID) AS NumCusts
FROM (SELECT YEAR(OrderDate) AS OrderYear, CustomerID
   FROM dbo.Orders) AS D
GROUP BY OrderYear;

SELECT OrderYear, COUNT(DISTINCT CustomerID) AS NumCusts
FROM (SELECT YEAR(OrderDate), CustomerID
   FROM dbo.Orders) AS [u]D([b]OrderYear, CustomerID[/b][/u][u])[/u]
GROUP BY OrderYear;

WITH C AS
(
 SELECT YEAR(OrderDate) AS OrderYear, CustomerID
 FROM dbo.Orders
)
SELECT OrderYear, COUNT(DISTINCT CustomerID) AS NumCusts
FROM C
GROUP BY OrderYear;

WITH C(OrderYear, CustomerID) AS
(
 SELECT YEAR(OrderDate), CustomerID
 FROM dbo.Orders
)
SELECT OrderYear, COUNT(DISTINCT CustomerID) AS NumCusts
FROM C
GROUP BY OrderYear;

WITH C1 AS
(
 SELECT YEAR(OrderDate) AS OrderYear, CustomerID
 FROM dbo.Orders
),
C2 AS
(
 SELECT OrderYear, COUNT(DISTINCT CustomerID) AS NumCusts
 FROM C1
 GROUP BY OrderYear
)
SELECT OrderYear, NumCusts
FROM C2
WHERE NumCusts > 70;

WITH YearlyCount AS
(
 SELECT YEAR(OrderDate) AS OrderYear,
  COUNT(DISTINCT CustomerID) AS NumCusts
 FROM dbo.Orders
 GROUP BY YEAR(OrderDate)
)
SELECT Cur.OrderYear,
 Cur.NumCusts AS CurNumCusts, Prv.NumCusts AS PrvNumCusts,
 Cur.NumCusts - Prv.NumCusts AS Growth
FROM YearlyCount AS Cur
 LEFT OUTER JOIN YearlyCount AS Prv
  ON Cur.OrderYear = Prv.OrderYear + 1;

IF OBJECT_ID('dbo.CustomersDups') IS NOT NULL
 DROP TABLE dbo.CustomersDups;
GO

WITH CrossCustomers AS
(
 SELECT 1 AS c, C1.*
 FROM dbo.Customers AS C1, dbo.Customers AS C2
)
SELECT ROW_NUMBER() OVER(ORDER BY c) AS KeyCol,
 CustomerID, CompanyName, ContactName, ContactTitle, Address,
 City, Region, PostalCode, Country, Phone, Fax
INTO dbo.CustomersDups
FROM CrossCustomers;

WITH JustDups AS
(
 SELECT * FROM dbo.CustomersDups AS C1
 WHERE KeyCol <
  (SELECT MAX(KeyCol) FROM dbo.CustomersDups AS C2
   WHERE C2.CustomerID = C1.CustomerID)
)
DELETE FROM JustDups;

CREATE VIEW dbo.VYearCnt
AS
WITH YearCnt AS
(
 SELECT YEAR(OrderDate) AS OrderYear,
  COUNT(DISTINCT CustomerID) AS NumCusts
 FROM dbo.Orders
 GROUP BY YEAR(OrderDate)
)
SELECT * FROM YearCnt;

CREATE UNIQUE INDEX idx_mgr_emp_ifname_ilname
 ON dbo.Employees(ReportsTo, EmployeeID)
 INCLUDE(FirstName, LastName);

WITH EmpsCTE AS
(
 SELECT EmployeeID, ReportsTo, FirstName, LastName
 FROM dbo.Employees
 WHERE EmployeeID = 5
 UNION ALL

 SELECT EMP.EmployeeID, EMP.ReportsTo, EMP.FirstName, EMP.LastName
 FROM EmpsCTE AS MGR
  JOIN dbo.Employees AS EMP
   ON EMP.ReportsTo = MGR.EmployeeID
)
SELECT * FROM EmpsCTE;