wget -c ftp://ftp.mirrorservice.org/sites/ftp.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz 

tar -zxv -f mysql-5.1.60.tar.gz    ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --with-charset=utf8   --with-extra-charset=all --enable-thread-safe-client --enable-assembler   --with-readline --with-big-tables   --with-named-curses-libs=/usr/lib/libncursesw.so.5    make && make install 

groupadd mysql #添加mysql用户组  useradd -g mysql mysql #创建mysql用户并把它放到mysql组下  chown -R root:mysql /usr/local/mysql #修改mysql文件属性 

#把用到的工具添加到/usr/bin目录  ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_multi /usr/bin/mysqld_multi  ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db /usr/bin/mysql_install_db    #初始化四个数据目录  mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql1 --user=mysql  mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql2 --user=mysql  mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql3 --user=mysql  mysql_install_db --datadir=/usr/local/var/mysql4 --user=mysql    #修改属性  chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql1   chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql2  chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql3   chown -R mysql /usr/local/var/mysql4  

cp /usr/local/src/mysql-5.1.60/support-files/mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multi.server    #修改basedir和bindir为安装路径  basedir=/usr/local/mysql  bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin 

[mysqld_multi]  mysqld     = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe  mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin  #user       = mysql  #password   = my_password    [mysqld1]  socket     = /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.sock  port       = 3306  pid-file   = /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.pid  datadir    = /usr/local/var/mysql1  #language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english  user       = mysql    [mysqld2]  socket     = /usr/local/var/mysql2/mysql2.sock  port       = 3307  pid-file   = /usr/local/var/mysql2/mysql2.pid  datadir    = /usr/local/var/mysql2  #language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english  user       = mysql    [mysqld3]  socket     = /usr/local/var/mysql3/mysql3.sock  port       = 3308  pid-file   = /usr/local/var/mysql3/mysql3.pid  datadir    = /usr/local/var/mysql3  #language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english  user       = mysql    [mysqld4]  socket     = /usr/local/var/mysql4/mysql4.sock  port       = 3309  pid-file   = /usr/local/var/mysql4/mysql4.pid  datadir    = /usr/local/var/mysql4  #language   = /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/english  user       = mysql 

将/usr/local/mysql/bin加到$PATH环境变量里  export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH    #查看数据库状态  mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf report  #结果都为没有运行  Reporting MySQL servers  MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running  MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running  MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running  MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running    #启动  mysqld_multi --defaults-extra-file=/etc/mysqld_multi.cnf start  #结果为  Reporting MySQL servers  MySQL server from group: mysqld1 is not running  MySQL server from group: mysqld2 is not running  MySQL server from group: mysqld3 is not running  MySQL server from group: mysqld4 is not running    #启动具体某一个实例可在start、stop后面加上具体数据1,2,3等 

#查看相应端口是否已经被监听  netstat -tunlp    #查看是否有活动进程  ps -aux|grep mysql 

#进入端口为3306的数据库  mysql -uroot -p -h127.0.0.1 -P3306    #通过sock文件登录  mysql -uroot -p -S /usr/local/var/mysql1/mysql1.sock     #查看socket文件  mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'socket';    #查看pid文件  mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%pid%';